振动条件下楔形垫圈的防松性能研究

刘检华,巩浩,丁晓宇

振动与冲击 ›› 2019, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (5) : 38-44.

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PDF(2119 KB)
振动与冲击 ›› 2019, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (5) : 38-44.
论文

振动条件下楔形垫圈的防松性能研究

  • 刘检华,巩浩,丁晓宇
作者信息 +

Anti-loosening performance of wedge washers under vibration

  • LIU Jianhua   GONG Hao  DING Xiaoyu
Author information +
文章历史 +

摘要

螺纹松动是影响机械产品可靠性和安全性的重要因素之一,楔形垫圈是一种特殊结构的防松产品,越来越得到工业界的重视,但是其防松机理没有完全得到揭示。本文采用有限元仿真与试验分析相结合方法,评估了振动条件下楔形垫圈的防松性能,从正负反馈调节的角度分析了楔形垫圈的防松机理,并系统研究了楔形角、垫圈外径、摩擦系数和材料特性对楔形垫圈防松性能的影响规律。研究结果表明:楔形垫圈在振动条件下具有良好的防松性能,这主要因为楔形垫圈的使用导致螺纹松动时预紧力增加,螺纹面滑移面积减少、松动减弱,这是一个负反馈调节的过程,最终导致螺纹松动停止、预紧力不变;同时楔形角、垫圈外径和材料刚度越大,楔形垫圈的防松性能越好;另外上下放射状齿形表面的摩擦系数也是影响楔形垫圈防松性能的重要因素,为了保证楔形垫圈的防松性能,上下放射状齿形表面的摩擦系数要比上下垫圈摩擦系数大0.06以上。最后进行了横向振动试验,验证了本文仿真结果的可靠性。

Abstract

Screw-thread looseness is one of important factors to affect reliability and safety of mechanical products. Wedge washers are a type of anti-loosening products with a special structure to receive more and more attentions in industry. However, its anti-loosening mechanism is not fully revealed. Here, the method of finite element simulation combined with test analysis was used to evaluate the anti-loosening performance of wedge washers under vibration. The wedge washers’ anti-loosening mechanism was analyzed from views of positive feedback adjustment and negative one. The effects of wedge angle, washer outer diameter, friction coefficient and material properties on wedge washers’ anti-loosening performance were systematically investigated. The results showed that wedge washers have a good anti-loosening performance under vibration because the use of wedge washer causes increase in preload, decrease in slip area on flank of thread and looseness-weakening, and this is a process of negative feedback adjustment to make loosening be stopped and preload be unchanged; the larger the wedge angle, washer outer diameter and material stiffness, the better the anti-loosening performance of wedge washers; friction coefficient on upper and lower radial tooth surface is also an important factor to affect wedge washers’ anti-loosening performance; to ensure wedge washers’ anti-loosening performance, the friction coefficient on upper and lower radial tooth surface is 0.06 larger at least than the friction coefficient of upper and lower washers be; the reliability of the simulation results is verified with transverse vibration tests.

关键词

振动 / 楔形垫圈 / 防松 / 负反馈调节 / 有限元分析

Key words

vibration / wedge washer / anti-loosening / negative feedback / finite element analysis

引用本文

导出引用
刘检华,巩浩,丁晓宇. 振动条件下楔形垫圈的防松性能研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2019, 38(5): 38-44
LIU Jianhua GONG Hao DING Xiaoyu . Anti-loosening performance of wedge washers under vibration[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2019, 38(5): 38-44

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