厚层橡胶支座的力学性能试验研究

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振动与冲击 ›› 2019, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (9) : 157-165.

论文

厚层橡胶支座的力学性能试验研究

李吉超 1 ，尚庆学 1，罗清宇 2，王涛 1

作者信息 +

Tests for mechanical performance of thick rubber bearings

LI Jichao1, SHANG Qingxue1, LUO Qingyu2, WANG Tao1

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摘要

普通橡胶支座具有较大的竖向刚度，往往与结构的竖向周期耦合引起不利的共振效应，为了避免竖向地震对隔震建筑内重要仪器设备的损害，本文提出利用厚层橡胶支座进行隔震的方法，并对厚层橡胶支座的力学性能进行了系统的试验研究。试验表明：与普通橡胶支座相比，厚层橡胶支座具有基本相同的剪切刚度和较小的竖向刚度，可用于核电、桥梁、地铁站等结构的三维隔震。厚层橡胶支座具有良好的大变形性能、疲劳性能、徐变性能和老化性能。针对厚层橡胶支座的轴压敏感性，本文提出了一种考虑橡胶层压缩模量、面积、厚度变化的积分修正方法，修正值与试验结果吻合较好。

Abstract

Traditional rubber bearings have large vertical stiffness to resist the building gravity. This would amplify the vertical vibration because of the resonant effect. To avoid the adverse effect introduced by vertical earthquakes to important instruments within isolated buildings, this paper proposed the method of three-dimensional isolation using thick rubber bearings, and applied performance tests to examine the mechanical behavior of thick rubber bearings. The test results reveal that thick rubber bearings possess a similar shear stiffness and smaller compressive stiffness compared with normal rubber bearings. Thick rubber bearings perform a favorable creep behavior and have a large deformation capacity and good capability to resist low cycle fatigue effect and aging effect. The test also demonstrated the compressive stiffness sensitivity to the axial force. A new integral method was proposed to modify the compressive stiffness taking into account the variation of rubber layer’s compressive module, area and thickness, the modified values are close to tests results.

关键词

厚层橡胶支座 / 竖向隔震 / 性能检测试验 / 竖向刚度修正方法

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李吉超 1,尚庆学 1，罗清宇 2，王涛 1. 厚层橡胶支座的力学性能试验研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2019, 38(9): 157-165

LI Jichao1, SHANG Qingxue1, LUO Qingyu2, WANG Tao1. Tests for mechanical performance of thick rubber bearings[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2019, 38(9): 157-165

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