为探究切削液扰动下BTA深孔镗削系统横向振动频率的影响，通过建立BTA深孔镗杆系统计及内、外切削液流固耦合及其自由液面效应的横向振动模型，解析系统不同情况下的横向振动的一、二阶频率表达式，并以不同情况下，深孔镗杆内、外切削液的横截面面积及其对深孔镗杆的附加质量来表征对应的自由液面变化，通过计算，明确了BTA深孔镗杆的横向振动频率对切削液流速、轴向力的敏感性及其运动转换趋势。BTA深孔镗杆横向振动频率对轴向力的敏感性规律为：在共振脊区域，在内、外切削液都无自由液面时最大；内、外切削液都有自由液面时最小；在共振翅区域，只内切削液有自由液面时最大，内、外切削液都无自由液面时最小。BTA深孔镗杆横向振动频率对切削液流速的敏感性规律为：在共振脊区域，只内切削液有自由液面时最大，内、外切削液都无自由液面时最小；在共振翅区域，内、外切削液都无自由液面时最大，只内切削液有自由液面时最小。系统在切削液流速、轴向力达到临界等效值时，发生弯曲或屈曲；在静力失稳后，系统将会在更高的切削液流速值以混阶模态形式发生耦合颤振等复杂运动。该研究结果可为BTA深孔镗削加工的生产实践提供一定理论指导。
Abstract
Considering fluid-solid coupling and free liquid surface effect of the inner and outer cutting fluid, it is proposed a transverse vibration model for BTA deep-hole boring bar system, in order to reveal the effect of the cutting fluid perturbation on the lateral vibration frequency in such system. Consequently, the first order and second order frequency expressions were analyzed under different conditions. The free liquid surface variation can be indicated by the cross section areas on inner and outer fluids and the added mass from boring bar. By way of calculation, the sensitivities of the frequency in the BTA system to the flow rate of cutting fluid and the axial force of the system can be determined, as well as the tendency of the motion transformation. The sensitivity of transverse vibration frequency of BTA deep-hole boring bar to axial force is as follows: in the resonant ridges region, when there is no free liquid surface both in inner and outer cutting fluids, it is the maximum; when both inner and outer cutting fluids have free liquid surface, it is the minimum; in the resonant wings region, the maximum is when inner cutting fluids have free liquid surface, the minimum is when both inner and outer cutting fluids have no free liquid surface.The sensitivity of transverse vibration frequency of BTA deep-hole boring bar to cutting fluid velocity is as follows: in resonance ridges region, the maximum is when inner cutting fluid has free surface, and the minimum is when inner and outer cutting fluid have no free surface; in resonance wings region, the maximum is when inner and outer cutting fluid have no free surface, and the minimum is when inner cutting fluid has free surface. Bending and buckling would occur once the flow rate of cutting fluid and the axial force get up to the critical equivalence in the system. Further, in case of static instability, under higher flow rate, some complicated motions such as coupling flutter with mixed orders mode would occur in the system. The results above can provide some theoretical guides for the practice in BTA boring machining.
关键词
BTA深孔加工 /
自由液面 /
横向振动频率 /
敏感性
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Key words
BTA deep-hole processing /
Free liquid surface /
Transverse vibration frequency /
Sensitivity
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