道砟垫有砟道床力学特性离散元分析

崔旭浩,肖宏

振动与冲击 ›› 2020, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (19) : 141-148.

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PDF(2573 KB)
振动与冲击 ›› 2020, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (19) : 141-148.
论文

道砟垫有砟道床力学特性离散元分析

  • 崔旭浩,肖宏
作者信息 +

DE analysis for mechanical characteristics of ballast bed with ballast mats

  • CUI Xuhao, XIAO Hong
Author information +
文章历史 +

摘要

为分析铺设道砟垫对铁路有砟道床力学特性的影响,本文采用离散单元法和图像处理技术,构建道砟颗粒计算模型,采用“弹性杆”模拟道砟垫,建立高速铁路道砟垫有砟道床的离散元分析模型,依据现场测试结果验证了模型的正确性。对比分析了列车荷载作用下普通有砟道床和道砟垫有砟道床的动态响应。结果表明:铺设道砟垫可以从整体上降低有砟道床的振动水平,使道砟颗粒振动加速度的平均值降低9.40%;铺设道砟垫可以减少道床中强力键的个数,提高道床中较小接触力出现的概率,使道砟颗粒的平均法向接触力降低21.7%,平均切向力降低24.4%;道砟垫可以显著增加道砟颗粒与下部基础的接触点数,增大接触面积,减小接触力;道砟垫有助于降低道床刚度,增大有砟轨道弹性。

Abstract

In order to analyze the effects of ballast mats on mechanical characteristics of railway ballast bed, the discrete element (DE) method and image processing technique were used to establish the computational model of ballast particles. An elastic bar was used to simulate a ballast mat, and the DE model of a ballast bed with ballast mats was built. The correctness of the model was verified with field test results. Dynamic responses of a conventional ballast bed and those of a ballast bed with ballast mats under action of train load were contrastively analyzed. Results showed that laying ballast mats can reduce the overall vibration level of ballast bed and reduce the average value of vibration acceleration of ballast particles by 9.40%. Laying ballast mats can reduce the number of strong keys in ballast bed, increase the occurrence probability of smaller contact forces in ballast bed, and reduce the average normal contact force of ballast particles by 21.7% and the average tangential force by 24.4%. Ballast mats can significantly increase the number of contact points between ballast particles and lower base, increase contact area, and reduce contact forces. Ballast mats are helpful to reduce the stiffness of ballast bed and increase the elasticity of ballast track.

关键词

道砟垫 / 有砟道床 / 离散元法 / 力学特性

Key words

ballast mat / ballast bed / discrete element (DE) method / mechanical characteristics

引用本文

导出引用
崔旭浩,肖宏. 道砟垫有砟道床力学特性离散元分析[J]. 振动与冲击, 2020, 39(19): 141-148
CUI Xuhao, XIAO Hong. DE analysis for mechanical characteristics of ballast bed with ballast mats[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2020, 39(19): 141-148

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