分析重型商用车高速行驶时因车身耦合共振和隔振能力不足造成驾驶室振动过大问题的原因，提出一种以驾驶室为研究对象的信域指标分解振动控制分析方法。从整车层分析角度出发，以驾驶室座椅导轨为整车全局优化的信域中心，按照振动传递路径方向进行路径关联层系统分解，建立整车和各分解层优化模型。对关联振动传递路径上的振源和历经的其它关联子系统的关键性能参数进行交互分析，并通过进一步调整信域中心的振动响应水平以满足整车设计要求。此外，提出一种的多逼近式的非线性阻尼设计方法，提升了悬置系统匹配精确度，避免了传统非线性阻尼拟合方法的设计缺陷。最后结合各层响应参数和振动传递关系，获得全局角度的驾驶室振动最优控制。经过实车验证结果表明，实施解耦和移频隔振优化后，驾驶室导轨处振动信号在共振激励频率附近的幅度由原始的0.99 降至0.27 ，降低了72.7%，解决了该车型存在的振动过大问题，验证了方法的有效性，为整车减振优化奠定理论基础，也为其它类似工程问题提供实践参考。
Abstract
In order to study the abnormal vibration of a vehicle body at high speed caused by coupling resonance and poor vibration isolation, a domain association hierarchical decomposition method for the vibration control of cabs was proposed.From the view angle of the whole vehicle, and taking the cab seat slide as the expected domain center, the vehicle was decomposed to form anew a path correlation layer system according to the path direction of vibration transmission, and the optimization models for the whole vehicle and each decomposed layer subsystem were established.The key performance parameters of the vibration sources and other related subsystems were analyzed interactively, and the vibration response level at the expected domain center was further adjusted to meet the overall design requirements.In addition, a method of nonlinear damping design was also proposed to extend the optimal matching ability of the cab mounting system, which could improve the matching accuracy of the mounting system and avoid the defect of traditional nonlinear damping approximation fitting.Finally, considering the relationship between the response parameters of each layer and the vibration transmission, a cab vibration optimal control scheme was provided.The real vehicle test results show that the amplitude of the vibration signal near the resonant excitation frequency of cab seat slide is reduced from the original 0.99 m/s2 to 0.27 m/s2, with a decrease of 72.7%, after implementing decoupling and frequency shift vibration isolation optimization.The excessive vibration problem of the vehicle is solved, and the validity of the method is verified, which lays a theoretical foundation for vehicle vibration reduction optimization, and provides practical reference to other engineering problems.
关键词
驾驶室振动 /
信域指标分解法 /
信域中心 /
关联分解系统 /
非线性阻尼设计
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Key words
cab vibration /
domain association hierarchical decomposition method /
domain center /
related decomposition subsystems /
nonlinear damping design
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