研究了布置在不同位置处动力吸振器对车辆垂向振动耗散功率及悬架性能的影响。以考虑轮胎阻尼的四分之一车辆垂向动力学模型为基础，分别对簧上质量和簧下质量匹配动力吸振器，构建了两种带吸振器的车辆模型。针对简谐路面激励和随机路面激励，定义了指标参数，分别用于评价悬架性能和系统的耗散功率。据此开展仿真计算，从幅频特性和响应均方根两方面分析了吸振器的影响。结果表明，对于两种路面激励，簧上吸振器侧重于提升车辆的悬架性能，而簧下吸振器可以吸收更多的振动耗散能量。另一方面，对于随机激励，两处吸振器均不改变车辆的总体耗散功率。
Abstract
The variation of vehicle vertical vibration energy and suspension performances was addressed when a dynamic vibration absorber (DVA) was adopted at different positions.Based on a quarter-car model with tire damping taken into account, two vehicle models were constructed when the DVA was matched to the sprung mass or the unsprung mass.Regarding the road excitation as simple harmonic or random, indexes were respectively defined to evaluate suspension performances and dissipated power during vehicle vibration.Numerical simulations were then conducted so as to reveal the impact of the DVAs in terms of system amplitude-frequency characteristics and the root mean square values of the dynamic response.The results with both road excitations show that the sprung-DVA is more efficient in improving suspension performances, while the unsprung-DVA absorbs more dissipated vibration energy.For the random excitation on the other hand, either of the introduced DVAs will not change the overall dissipated energy.
关键词
动力吸振器；振动能量；车辆垂向动力学 /
轮胎阻尼
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Key words
dynamic vibration absorber(DVA) /
vibration energy /
vehicle vertical dynamics /
tire damping
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