与定轴齿轮箱相比，行星齿轮箱内部齿轮副复杂的相对运动所引发的振动响应更加复杂多样，因而对其关键部件进行故障诊断颇具挑战。当内部轮齿发生故障时，由于故障啮合位置的动态性引起传递路径的时变性，固定在系统箱体上的单个传感器观测到的故障信息强度亦将呈现不规则变化的独特性。若想恰如其分的利用这些故障信息实现简单而有效的诊断，需重点关注故障啮合位置的周期特性，而后基于该周期所观测的信号进行“统筹兼顾”的分析，便可突显出各类故障的差异性。该研究在深入研究行星齿轮系统内部齿轮副的运行规律的基础上，创新性的提出了确定太阳轮故障动态啮合位置周期的方法，并考虑了以下两种情况：行星轮各不相同；行星轮完全相同。基于上述两种情况分别推导出太阳轮和行星架所需的最小旋转圈数的一般性表达式，该表达式可用于计算齿圈固定型的行星齿轮箱中的太阳轮故障啮合位置的运动周期。最后通过实验提出并验证了基于上述周期的故障诊断最小数据长度。
Abstract
The fault diagnosis of planetary gearboxes is a challenging issue due to the complexity and variety of vibration responses generated by the relative motions of internal gears which are much different from the case of fixed-shaft gearboxes.When the damage occurs on a tooth, due to the time-varying transfer paths caused by the dynamic fault meshing behaviors, the captured fault induced information on a fixed-sensor may exhibit unique irregularity.Before properly making use of these fault induced information for fault diagnosis, the period of fault meshing behaviors should be focused and analyzed, because a certain period included in the analyzed data may involve complete fault information for fault detection.In the paper, a method was introduced to determine the period of sun gear fault-meshing positions based on the kinematics of the internal gears.Two conditions were considered: planet gears were all different; planet gears were identical.Generalized mathematical expressions for the number of rotations of the sun gear and the carrier under above two conditions were derived respectively.The proposed expressions can also be applied to ring gear fixed planetary gearboxes.Finally, experimental studies were carried out to suggest the minimal measured data length to ensure an effective fault diagnosis.
关键词
故障诊断 /
故障动态啮合周期 /
传递路径 /
故障振动响应强度 /
最小数据长度
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Key words
fault diagnosis /
motion period of fault meshing position /
transmission path /
vibration response of fault induced vibration /
minimal length of measured data
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