隧道掘进排孔爆破的精细化数值模拟

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振动与冲击 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (11) : 154-162.

论文

隧道掘进排孔爆破的精细化数值模拟

关振长1，朱凌枫1，俞伯林2

作者信息 +

Fine numerical simulation of row-hole blasting in tunnel excavation

GUAN Zhenchang1, ZHU Lingfeng1, YU Bolin2

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

针对隧道爆破掘进中常见的围岩条件和炮眼类型，在LS-DYNA数值平台上建立5种炮眼的精细化模型，采用流固耦合算法，较真实地模拟了排孔爆破的瞬时过程。在炮眼周边瞬时形成压力粉碎区，同时气楔作用使初始裂缝不断扩展，形成围岩破裂区；爆轰压力波在临空面处发生反射，其反射拉伸波使临空面附近围岩出现大范围平行裂隙；爆破形成的粉碎区半径和破裂区半径约炮眼半径的3倍~4倍和22倍~24倍。关注炮眼粉碎区边界上的压力时程曲线，呈现明显的多峰形态（包括第一峰值、第二峰值和负峰值）；并且主峰值与轴向不耦合系数间呈现幂指数衰减关系。进一步地，将爆破轮廓线上的压力峰值平均化，得到各爆破轮廓线上的简化三角形荷载，可应用于远场振动效应评估等后续工作。

Abstract

Here, aiming at common surrounding rock conditions and blast hole types in tunnel blasting excavation, five kinds of blast hole fine models were established on LS-DYNA numerical platform, and the fluid-structure interaction algorithm was used to simulate the transient process of row-hole blasting.Firstly, the pressure crushing zone was formed instantly around blast hole, and the initial crack was continuously expanded due to action of air wedge to form the surrounding rock fracture zone.Then the detonation pressure wave was reflected at free face, and its reflected tensile wave made a large range of parallel cracks appear on surrounding rock near free face.Finally, radii of the crushing zone and fracture zone were about 3-4 times and 22-24 times of blast hole radius, respectively.The pressure time history curve on the boundary of blast hole crushing zone received attention, it was shown that obvious multi-peak form including the first peak, the second one and negative one appear; the main peak value and the axial decoupling coefficient have a power exponential decay relationship; if averaging peak pressures on blasting contours, the simplified triangle shape load on each blasting contour can be obtained, it can be applied in the following work, such as, far-field vibration effect evaluation.

导出引用

关振长1，朱凌枫1，俞伯林2. 隧道掘进排孔爆破的精细化数值模拟[J]. 振动与冲击, 2021, 40(11): 154-162

GUAN Zhenchang1, ZHU Lingfeng1, YU Bolin2. Fine numerical simulation of row-hole blasting in tunnel excavation[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2021, 40(11): 154-162

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