低阶模态参数及其变化率是目前玻璃幕墙粘接结构无损检测的主要指标，基于这些指标的检测手段均无法有效鉴别局部微损伤且操作繁琐不利于快速实施。为此，该研究提出了一种以原点频响函数相对累计偏差（RAE）为指标的敏感且快速的损伤检测方法。该方法以特定频率段内的RAE值为检测指标，以玻璃幕墙面板四周结构胶脱离损伤程度为识别目标；仅需安装一个加速度传感器，并在紧邻传感器区域用力锤敲击面板来实现对粘接结构损伤的检测。该研究以4组隐框玻璃幕墙为例，研究传感器安装位置、截止分析频率（fu）、敲击位置误差对RAE的影响，并检测了10种不同损伤工况来进行验证。结果表明：传感器相对较优安装位置为面板长边四分点和短边四分点方向相交位置处；RAE与fu呈负相关，当fu不小于16倍的基频（f1）时，两次不同敲击的RAE小于2.0%；力锤敲击位置沿面板长边方向，且敲击点控制在距传感器中心30 mm以内效果最佳；鉴于RAE与损伤程度呈正相关且对损伤比较敏感，使得该方法最小可识别的损伤程度达到了1.5%。该方法可有效提高玻璃幕墙粘接结构损伤检测的速度和敏感性，为粘接结构的无损检测提供了新的思路和方向。
Abstract
Low order modal parameters and their change rate are main indexes of nondestructive detection of glass curtain wall bonded structure at present. The detection methods based on these indexes can’t effectively identify local micro damages, and the operation is cumbersome and not conducive to rapid implementation. Here, a sensitive and fast damage detection method based on the relative accumulative error (RAE) of origin FRF was proposed. With this method, the RAE value in a specific frequency band was taken as the detection index, the damage degree of structural adhesive separation around glass curtain wall panel was taken as the identification target, only one acceleration sensor needs to be installed, and the panel was hammered in the area close to the sensor to realize detection of bonded structure damage. Four groups of hidden frame glass curtain walls were taken as examples, effects of sensor installed position, cut-off analysis frequency (fu) and knocking position error on RAE were studied, and detections were conducted under 10 different damage working conditions for verification. The results showed that the relatively better installation position of the sensor is the intersection of the quarter point of long side and the quarter point of short side of the panel; RAE is negatively correlated to fu, when fu is not less than 16 times of the fundamental frequency f1, RAE of two different knocks is less than 2.0%; the hammering position is along long side of the panel, and the knocking point is controlled within 30 mm from the center of the sensor to have the optimal effect; since RAE is positively correlated to damage degree and more sensitive to damage, the minimum recognizable damage degree of this method can reach 1.5%; the proposed method can effectively improve speed and sensitivity of damage detection of glass curtain wall bonded structure, and provide new idea and direction for nondestructive detection of bonded structures.
关键词
玻璃幕墙 /
粘接结构 /
损伤检测 /
频响函数 /
相对累计偏差
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Key words
glass curtain wall /
bonded structure /
damage detection /
frequency response function (FRF) /
relative accumulative error (RAE)
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