基于飞机-跑道耦合分析，建立了飞机主起落架四自由度模型，得出飞机在不同平整度道面激励下的随机荷载；建立了考虑接缝的跑道三维有限元模型，将前述飞机动荷载作用于跑道，研究了飞机随机荷载作用下跑道结构的振动响应，分析了跑道各结构层及土基不同深度处跑道振动响应的变化规律，面层中心动位移、振动响应、跑道远端振动响应随跑道土基强度变化规律。结果表明：在跑道整个宽度范围内，面层中心处振动基频与道面远端振动基频基本一致，振幅呈“W形”变化；同一位置沿跑道深度方向，振动基频不变，仅振幅逐渐变小，该飞机荷载作用下，振幅衰减集中于土基3 m~11 m范围内，面层至土基3 m深度处的衰减仅为10%左右；土基强度对场道动位移峰值、振动基频影响较大，动位移峰值与土基动模量呈乘幂关系；当土基动模量由90 MPa增加至240 MPa时，跑道振动基频呈线性增大趋势，但土基模量增加至240 MPa后，随动模量增大，振动基频增加放缓。
Abstract
Based on aircraft-runway coupled analysis, a 4-DOF model for an aircraft’s main landing gear was established, and random loads of the aircraft under excitations of pavement with different planeness were obtained. A 3D finite element model of runway considering joints was established, the aircraft’s dynamic loads mentioned above were exerted on the runway. Vibration responses of the runway structure under the random loads were studied, and vibration response laws of the runway at its different structural layers and its soil foundations with different depths were analyzed. The varying laws of vibration responses of the surface layer center and the runway far end with variation of runway soil foundation strength were analyzed. The results showed that in the whole width of runway, the vibration fundamental frequency at surface layer center is basically the same as that at surface layer far end, vibration amplitude varies in a “W” shape; at the same position along runway depth, the vibration fundamental frequency remains unchanged, but vibration amplitude gradually decreases; under the aircraft load given here, amplitude attenuation is concentrated in the soil foundation range of 3-11 m, the amplitude attenuation is only 10% within the range of from surface layer to soil foundation with 3 m depth; when dynamic modulus of soil foundation increases from 90 MPa to 240 MPa, the vibration fundamental frequency of runway increases linearly, but after dynamic modulus of soil foundation reaches 240 MPa, increase in the vibration fundamental frequency slows down with increase in dynamic modulus.
关键词
机场工程 /
刚性道面 /
随机荷载 /
动位移峰值 /
振动基频 /
振幅
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Key words
airport engineering /
rigid pavement /
random load /
peak dynamic displacement /
fundamental frequency /
amplitude
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