该研究通过理论分析负压波在分支管网中的传播特性，探讨负压波方法在供热管道泄漏定位的可行性，并通过实验研究对负压波定位方法以及小波分析信号处理方法的可行性进行验证。当管道出现严重泄漏时，泄漏点的压力瞬间出现明显的压力下降，形成负压水击波在管道中传播。负压水击波在管道中的速度是固定的，因此，在管网中设置一定的高频压力传感器，捕捉到负压波传到各压力传感器的压力动态，再利用小波分析信号处理方法对检测到的负压波信号进行分析，可以得到负压波传播到各压力传感器的具体时间。再根据各检测点得到的时间进行计算，即可找到泄漏点的准确位置。为证实该方法的可行性，该研究利用现有管网进行试验，试验结果表明，若以压力变化延迟时间为指标，此定位方法能够对泄漏点有效定位，该研究中提出的压力信号处理方法可以将泄漏点的位置锁定在1 km范围内，显著提高漏点排查效率。

Through the theoretical analysis of the propagation characteristics of negative pressure waves in a branch pipe network, the feasibility of the negative pressure wave method in the leakage location of heat supply pipelines, was discussed and successively, the feasibility of the negative pressure wave location method and wavelet analysis signal processing method were verified through experimental research.When there is serious pipeline leakage, the pressure at the leakage point suddenly drops obviously and forms a negative pressure water hammer wave.As the negative pressure water hammer wave speed in the pipe is constant, high frequency pressure sensors can capture the dynamic pressure state of the negative pressure wave.The wavelet analysis was used to process and analyze the detected negative pressure wave signal, and the specific time when the propagating negative pressure wave reached each pressure sensor point was determined.
In order to verify the feasibility of the method, an existing pipe network was used to do the test.The test results show that if the delay time of pressure change is taken as an index, the pressure signal processing method can effectively locate the leakage point, and lock the location of the leak point within 1 km,which significantly improves the efficiency of detecting leakage position.