纯电动汽车两挡机械式自动变速器（automated mechanical transmission, AMT）中，斜齿轮传动系统的非线性振动会引起变速器的振动和噪声。为研究两挡AMT斜齿轮系统的非线性振动特性，结合实际变速器结构，考虑齿轮系统的时变啮合刚度、齿侧间隙、静态传递误差以及轴承支撑刚度等因素，建立两挡AMT斜齿轮系统“弯-扭-轴”耦合动力学模型，分析了耦合振动特性的分岔图及其相图特性。结果表明：变速器工作在一挡时，随着转速增加，啮合频率不断增大，系统出现周期运动和混沌等现象；当承载齿轮副为单倍周期运动时，空载齿轮副扭转振动剧烈程度随着转速升高而增大；适当增大齿轮啮合阻尼比和啮合刚度,有利于减小承载齿轮最大扭振点的振幅。研究结果对纯电动汽车两挡AMT结构设计、动力学分析和换挡应用提供了技术支撑。
Abstract
In a two-gear pair AMT of pure electric vehicle, nonlinear vibration of helical gear transmission system can cause vibration and noise of the transmission. Here, in order to study nonlinear vibration characteristics of the two-gear pair AMT helical gear system, considering time-varying meshing stiffness, tooth side clearance, static transmission error and bearing support stiffness of the system, the bending-torsion-axis coupled dynamic model of the system was established to analyze bifurcation diagram and its phase diagram features of the coupled vibration characteristics. The results showed that when the transmission is operating with the first gear pair, the meshing frequency increases with increase in speed, and the system has periodic motion and chaos; when the load-bearing gear pair is in a single-period motion, torsional vibration intensity of the gear pair without load-bearing increases with increase in speed; appropriately increasing gear pair mesh damping ratio and meshing stiffness is helpful to reduce the amplitude of the maximum torsional vibration point of the load-bearing gear pair; the study results can provide a technical support for structural design, dynamic analysis and gearshift application of two-gear pair AMT of pure electric vehicle.
关键词
两挡机械式自动变速器（AMT） /
斜齿轮 /
非线性动力学 /
分岔
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Key words
two-gear pair automatic mechanical transmission (AMT) /
helical gear /
nonlinear dynamics /
bifurcation
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