在航空发动机管路系统动力学设计中，需尽量避开发动机的激振频率(主要是高压及低压转子系统的工作频率)以提升管路系统的工作可靠性。以一个多卡箍支撑的单管路系统为对象，提出基于粒子群算法实现卡箍优化布局进而有效避振的方法。考虑到该系统属于超静定结构，这里提出将管体和卡箍分开建模的方法。首先对自由边界条件下管体建模，再将卡箍以弹簧形式引入到管路系统，同时，在建模过程中提出用非均匀分布弹簧组模拟卡箍支撑以提升模型的分析精度。以卡箍位置为设计变量，创建了以同时避开两个激振频率为目标的管路卡箍布局优化模型，进一步给出了应用粒子群算法优化管路卡箍布局的计算过程。经实例研究，用试验校验了创建的半解析模型的合理性，该优化方法获得了避开两个激振频率时卡箍的优化布局。
Abstract
In dynamic design of aero-engine piping system, it is necessary to avoid the engine’s exciting frequencies which are mainly working frequencies of high-pressure and low-pressure rotor systems as far as possible to improve the reliability of the piping system. Here, a single pipe system supported by multi-clamp was taken as the study object, and a method based on particle swarm optimization was proposed to realize optimal layout of clamps and effectively avoid vibration. Considering the system belonging to a statically indeterminate structure, a method of modeling pipe and clamps separately was proposed. Firstly, the pipe body was modeled under free boundary condition, and then clamps were introduced into the pipe system in form of spring. At the same time, in modeling process, the non-uniform distribution spring group was proposed to simulate clamp supports and improve the model analysis accuracy. Taking clamp positions as design variables, an optimization model of the pipe clamp layout was created to simultaneously avoid two exciting frequencies. Furthermore, the calculation process of applying particle swarm optimization algorithm to optimize the pipe clamp layout was given. Finally, a case study was performed, the rationality of the created semi-analytical model was verified by tests, and the optimal clamp layout was obtained by using the proposed optimization method to simultaneously avoid two exciting frequencies.
关键词
多卡箍支撑管路系统 /
半解析法 /
避振优化 /
粒子群算法
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Key words
pipeline system with multi-clamp support /
semi-analytical method /
avoiding vibration optimization /
particle swarm optimization
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