应用二级轻气炮发射球形铝合金弹丸撞击充气球形压力容器，研究球形压力容器后壁的损伤破坏模式及气体压力和弹丸撞击速度对后壁损伤破坏效应的影响。根据试验结果将后壁的损伤破坏模式分为三类，其中撕裂模式是超高速撞击充气压力容器所特有的损伤破坏模式。以后壁的损伤破坏程度和损伤破坏范围作为特征参数，通过考察气体压力和弹丸速度与以上特征参数的关系来获得二者对后壁的损伤破坏影响。结果表明，在后壁未撕裂的前提下内充气体压力的增加可使后壁的损伤破坏程度和范围均降低，即增加内充气体压力可减缓球形压力容器后壁的损伤破坏；在其余参数不变时，随着弹丸速度的增加，球形压力容器后壁的损伤破坏程度和范围均呈现先加剧、后减弱、又加剧的趋势。
Abstract
A second-stage light gas gun is used to launch a spherical aluminum alloy projectile to impact gas-filled spherical pressure vessel. The back wall damage modes are obtained, as well as the gas pressure and the projectile impact velocity on the damage effect of the back wall are studied. According to the test results, the damage modes of the back wall could be divided into three types, and the tearing mode is the unique damage mode of hypervelocity impact on gas-filled pressure vessel. The damage degree and damage scope of the back wall are taken as the characteristic parameters, and the influence of the gas pressure and the projectile velocity on the damage of back wall are obtained by investigating the relationship between the above characteristic parameters and the gas pressure and the projectile velocity. The results show that the damage degree and scope decrease with the increase of the gas pressure. That means, the back wall damage could be mitigated by increasing gas pressure. With the increase of projectile velocity, the damage degree and scope of the back wall firstly increase, then decrease, and then increase.
关键词
超高速撞击 /
压力容器 /
后壁 /
损伤破坏
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Key words
Hypervelocity impact /
Pressure vessel /
Back wall /
Damage and failure
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