基于谱元法建立车辆-轨道结构频域振动模型，其中轨道结构模拟为三层铁木辛柯梁，车辆部分考虑为整车模型，运用lagrange方程实现车辆与轨道结构的耦合，并采用虚拟激励法将轨道不平顺模拟为虚拟荷载，通过求解车辆-轨道整体结构的谱元法方程，得到车辆-轨道结构在频域内的振动响应。结果表明：钢轨、轨道板和底座板的第一、二、四阶振动峰值分别由车体、转向架、车轮自振引起，其他振动峰值由轨道结构系统自振引起；钢轨、轨道板和底座板的振动能量分布在较宽的频率范围；在离开车辆一侧且距离端轮对2.5m处，1-800Hz内钢轨振动迅速衰减；大于800Hz钢轨振动衰减缓慢；在距离端轮对18m处，25Hz-1171Hz内钢轨振动衰减基本稳定；在距离端轮对20.5m处，小于25Hz时，钢轨振动随着离开端轮对距离的增加迅速衰减，大于1171Hz时钢轨振动则衰减较小。
Abstract
Based on the spectral element method, the frequency domain vibration model of vehicle-track structure is established. The track structure is simulated as a three-layer Timoshenko beam structure. The vehicle part is considered as a vehicle unit. the vehicle and the track structure is coupled by the the lagrange equation, based on the virtual excitation method, the track irregularity is simulated as a virtual load . By solving the spectral stiffness equation of the vehicle-track structure, the frequency domain vibration response of the vehicle-track structure is obtained. The result show that the first, second and fourth order vibration peaks of rail, track plate and base plate are caused by the natural vibration of car body, bogie and wheel respectively; the other vibration peaks of the track structure system are caused by the natural vibration of track structure system; The vibration energy of rail, track plate and base plate is distributed in a wide frequency range; At a distance of 2.5m away from the end wheelset, the rail vibration rapidly decreases when the frequency is between 1-800hz and changes little when the frequency is greater than 800Hz; At a distance of 18 m away from the end wheelset , the rail vibration attenuation is basically stable when the frequency is between 25Hz-1171Hz; At a distance of 20.5 m away from the end wheelset, the rail vibration decreases rapidly with the increase of the distance from the end wheelset when the frequency is less than 25Hz and decays slowly when the frequency is greater than 1171Hz.
关键词
谱元法 /
铁木辛科梁 /
虚拟激励法 /
频率响应
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Key words
spectral element method；timoshenko beam；virtual excitation method；frequency response /
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