为研究一种针对大型压力输水管道泄漏问题的在线监测方法，设计了4种不同压力工况(0.2MPa、0.4MPa、0.6MPa、0.8MPa)和4种不同泄漏孔直径工况(2mm、4mm、8mm、14mm)的管道模型试验。试验通过控制阀门开闭、阀门孔径大小和输水管压力变化来模拟实际运行管道的泄漏状态，并用水声检波器采集泄漏状态和非泄漏状态下的管道噪声数据来比较信号差异。经过分析，推导出了泄漏孔面积、管道压力与管道噪声信号振幅三者的关系。试验结果表明，通过利用水声检波器监测管道噪声变化进而监测管道泄漏是可行的，且泄漏信号主要由偶极子声源组成，泄漏状态下振幅随泄漏孔面积和管道运行压力均呈幂函数的关系增长。
Abstract
In order to study a continuous monitoring method for leakage problems of large pressure water pipelines, pipeline model tests with four different pressures (0.2MPa, 0.4MPa, 0.6MPa and 0.8MPa) and four different leakage hole diameters (2mm, 4mm, 8mm and 14mm) were designed. The tests simulate the leakage state of the actual running pipeline by controlling the opening of the valve, the size of the valve and the pressure of the pipeline. The vibration noise data of the pipe under leakage and non-leakage states collected by hydrophones are used to compare signal characteristics. After analysis, the relationship between area of the leakage hole, pressure in the pipeline and signal amplitude was deduced. The test results show that it is feasible to use hydrophones to monitor signal of pipeline leakage. Moreover, the leakage signal is dominated by the dipole sound source, and the amplitude of signal increases with the leakage hole area and pipeline operating pressure as a power function.
关键词
压力管道 /
泄漏监测 /
理论模型 /
模拟试验 /
爆管预警
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Key words
pressure pipeline /
leakage monitoring /
theoretical model /
simulation test /
pipeline risk forewarning
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