研究了三种地形因素（山脉长度、山脉坡度、山脉间距）对峡谷和垭口中输电线路风速及风偏响应特性的影响。采用CFD数值模拟得到峡谷和垭口中输电线路沿线各点横向和竖向平均风速，分析了山脉长度、山脉坡度、山脉间距对输电线路各点平均风速的影响。建立了跨越峡谷和垭口的三跨输电线路有限元模型，分别利用数值模拟风速和平地风速计算了线路各点位移，得到风偏角增大百分比。利用响应面方法建立了三种地形因素和风偏角增大百分比的二次回归方程，分析了地形因素对风偏角的影响规律。研究表明：峡谷和垭口对横向风的加速效果明显，山脉入口处风速最大，对竖向风速加速效应不显著。山脉越长且山脉间距越大，风偏角增大百分比越小，随着山脉坡度的减小呈先增大后减小趋势。三种地形因素对风偏角增大百分比影响的灵敏度从大到小依次为山脉长度、间距和坡度。该研究结果可为峡谷和垭口地形条件下的输电线路抗风偏设计提供有价值的参考。
Abstract
Effects of 3 terrain factors (mountain length, mountain slope and mountain spacing) on wind speed and wind deflection response characteristics of transmission lines in canyon and mountain pass were studied.Horizontal and vertical average wind speeds at each point of transmission lines in canyon and mountain pass were obtained using CFD numerical simulation, and effects of mountain length, mountain slope and mountain spacing on the average wind speed at each point of transmission lines were analyzed.The finite element model of 3-span transmission line across canyon and mountain pass was established.Displacements of each point of the line were calculated by using numerical simulation wind speed and ground wind speed, respectively to obtain the percentage of wind deflection angle increasing.Quadratic regression equations of 3 terrain factors and the percentage of wind deflection angle increasing were established by using the response surface method to analyze effects of terrain factors on wind deflection angle.The results showed that the acceleration effect of canyon and mountain pass on transverse wind is obvious, the wind speed at entrance of mountain is the largest, and the acceleration effect on vertical wind speed is not significant; the longer the mountain and the larger the spacing between mountains, the smaller the percentage of wind deflection angle increasing; with decrease in mountain slope, the percentage firstly increases and then decreases; the sensitivities of 3 terrain factors on the percentage of wind deflection angle increasing, from large to small, are mountain length, spacing and slope; the study results can provide a valuable reference for the anti-wind deflection design of transmission lines under terrain conditions of canyon and mountain pass.
关键词
山地风场 /
输电线路 /
风偏响应 /
加速效应 /
上升气流 /
响应面
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Key words
mountain wind filed /
transmission line /
wind deflection response /
acceleration effect /
updraft /
response surface
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