针对全回转舵桨液压系统出现的回转抖动现象，基于AMESim搭建了含平衡阀的回转液压系统仿真模型，详细分析了平衡阀的最大节流流量、阀芯行程-通流面积特性对其动态特性的影响。结果表明：平衡阀控制压力的周期性波动会导致阀芯位置、通流面积的波动，是含平衡阀系统发生回转抖动现象的根本原因；当CB系列平衡阀的最大节流流量略小于或者等于系统设计流量时，回转动作更容易获得较好的平稳性；当含平衡阀系统的设计流量小于平衡阀最大节流流量时，CB系列平衡阀的通流面积梯度越大则回转抖动越严重，反之回转动作越平稳，所以全节流型平衡阀更容易获得平稳性，但这是以损耗回转速度为代价的；MBE*改进型平衡阀阀芯的有效行程大，有效地降低了通流面积对阀芯行程的敏感度，不仅在系统流量较小时能够获得良好的稳定性，而且在设计流量较大时仍能保持较低的压力损失。
Abstract
Aimed at the rotation jitter phenomenon in the hydraulic system of azimuth thruster, a simulation model of the rotary hydraulic system with counterbalance valves was built based on AMESim，the influence of the counterbalance valve’s maximum throttle flow rate and spool stroke-flow area characteristics on its dynamic characteristics were analyzed. The simulation results show that periodic fluctuation of the control pressure of the counterbalance valve will lead to fluctuations in the spool position and flow area, which is the root cause of rotation jitter in the hydraulic system with counterbalance valves. When the maximum throttling flow rate of the CB series counterbalance valve is slightly less than or equal to the system design flow rate, the slewing action is more likely to achieve better smoothness. When the design flow rate of the hydraulic system with the counterbalance valve is less than the maximum throttling flow rate of the counterbalance valve, the larger the flow area gradient of the CB series counterbalance valve，the more severe of the rotation jitter, and vice versa, the smoother the slewing action, so the full throttle type counterbalance valve is easier to obtain smoothness, but this is at the expense of the loss of slewing speed. The large effective spool stroke of the MBE* improved counterbalance valve effectively reduces the sensitivity of the flow area to spool stroke, resulting in good stability at low system flow rates and low pressure loss at higher design flow rates.
关键词
全回转舵桨 /
平衡阀 /
回转抖动 /
控制方法
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Key words
Azimuth thruster /
Counterbalance valve /
Rotation jitter /
Control method
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