考虑滑动和热膨胀的球轴承局部故障动力学建模

PDF(1169 KB)

振动与冲击 ›› 2022, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (11) : 149-155.

论文

雷宏卫，成建联

作者信息 +

Dynamic modeling for local fault of ball bearing considering sliding and thermal expansion

LEI Hongwei, CHENG Jianlian

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

研究外圈局部剥落故障球轴承工作时的动力学特性，并建立考虑滑动和热膨胀的球轴承动力学模型。首先把轴承简化为只考虑径向接触力的弹簧-阻尼模型，研究滚动体在滚道中刚开始承受载荷时的滑动作用，得到考虑滑动作用的滚动体与滚道间的角度关系模型。对外圈局部剥落故障区域附近滚动体的接触刚度和位移变化进行研究，分析滚动体在进入和退出剥落区过程中不同状态下的接触刚度和径向位移的变化情况，修正剥落故障区域附近滚动体与滚道的接触刚度值，得到时变刚度模型和时变位移模型，使动力学模型仿真信号更接近真实情况。利用局部法计算球轴承内部各接触组件间摩擦产生的热量，结合热网络法和球轴承瞬态热平衡方程计算轴承各节点的温度。研究球轴承内部滚动体的径向热膨胀位移，修正轴承动力学模型中滚动体的时变位移模型。以牛顿第二定律和Hertz接触理论为基础，充分考虑滚动体的滑动作用、热膨胀位移和剥落区域时变刚度、时变位移，建立球轴承外圈局部故障二自由度动力学模型，使用四阶龙格库塔法对模型进行求解。利用实验与模拟结果对比，证明模型的可行性。

Abstract

A dynamic model was presented to investigate the vibration characteristics of the ball bearings with localized defect considering sliding and thermal expansion. In order to achieve the purpose, the bearing is simplified to the model which only considers the radial contact force, so that the sliding action of the rolling element in the raceway at the beginning of loading can be studied, and then the angle relationship model between the rolling elements and the raceway considering the sliding action can be obtained. In order to make the dynamic model closer to the real situation, the contact stiffness of the rolling elements and radial displacement under different states in the process of entering and exiting the defect area was analyzed, so the contact stiffness is corrected. The time-varying stiffness model and time-varying displacement model are obtained. The heat generated by friction of bearing components is calculated by local method. The calculated heat is then combined with the thermal network method and the transient heat balance equation of the ball bearing to calculate the temperature of the bearing. Thus, the thermal expansion displacement of the ball bearing can be investigated, and the time-varying displacement of the rolling body in the dynamic model can be revised. Finally, based on Newton's second law and Hertzian contact deformation theory, a two-degree-of-freedom dynamic model for ball bearings with localized defect considering sliding, thermal expansion, time-varying stiffness, time-varying displacement was established. The model was solved by the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method. The feasibility of the model is proved by comparing the experimental results with the model results.

导出引用

雷宏卫，成建联. 考虑滑动和热膨胀的球轴承局部故障动力学建模[J]. 振动与冲击, 2022, 41(11): 149-155

LEI Hongwei, CHENG Jianlian. Dynamic modeling for local fault of ball bearing considering sliding and thermal expansion[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2022, 41(11): 149-155

参考文献

[1]P.K.Gupta. 滚动轴承动力学分析[M]. 武汉: 湖北科学技术出版社, 1988.
P.K.Gupta. Advanced Dynamics of Rolling Elements[M]. Wuhan: Hubei Science and Technology Press, 1988.
[2]常斌全, 剡昌锋, 苑浩, 等.多事件激励的滚动轴承动力学建模[J]. 振动与冲击, 2018,37(17):16-24.
CHANG Bin-quan, YAN Chang-feng, YUAN Hao, et al. Dynamic modeling for rolling bearings under multi-event excitation[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2018,37(17):16-24.
[3]Mcfadden. P. D, Smith. J. D. Model for the vibration produced by single point defect in a rolling element bearing[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 1984, 96(1):69-82
[4]V. N. Patel, N. Tandon, R. K. Pandey. A dynamic model for vibration studies of deep groove ball bearings considering single and multiple defects in races[J].Journal of Tribology, 2010.
[5]M. S. Patil, Jose Mathew, P. K. Rajendrakumar. A theoretical model to predict the effect of localized defect on vibrations associated with ball bearings[J]. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 2010.
[6]Mohsen Nakhaeinejad, Michael D. Bryant. Dynamic modeling of rolling element bearings with surface contact defects using bond graphs[J]. ASME Journal of Tribology, 2011,133(1):011102-1-12.
[7]曹宏瑞, 景新, 苏帅鸣, 等. 中介轴承故障动力学建模与振动特征分析[J]. 机械工程学报, 2020, 56(21):89-99.
CAO Hong-rui, JING Xin, SU Shuai-ming, et al. Dynamic Modeling and Vibration Analysis for Inter-shaft Bearing Fault[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2020, 56(21):89-99.
[8]牛蔺楷, 曹宏瑞, 何正嘉. 考虑三维运动和相对滑动的滚动球轴承局部表面损伤动力学建模研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2015, 51(19): 53-59.
NIU Lin-kai, CAO Hong-rui, HE Zheng-jia. Dynamic Modeling of Rolling Ball Bearing with Localized Surface Defects Considering Three Dimensional Motions and Relative Slippage[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2015, 51(19): 53-59.
[9]徐可君, 董芳华, 秦海勤. 有局部缺陷的滚动体中介轴承动力学建模及仿真研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2016, 35(2): 104-109.
XU Ke-jun, DONG Fang-hua, QIN Hai-qin. Dynamics modeling and simulation on intershaft bearing with local defect rolling element [J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2016, 35(2): 104-109.
[10]田晶, 艾延廷, 赵明, 等. 考虑弹流润滑影响的表面局部缺陷中介轴承动力学建模[J]. 振动与冲击, 2019, 38(5): 80-105.
TIAN Jing. AI Yan-ting, ZHAO Ming, et al. Dynamic modeling for inter-shaft bearings with surface local defect considering elasto-hydro lubrication effects[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2019, 38(5): 80-105.
[11]Fangbo Ma, Zhengmei Li, Shengchang Qiu. Transient thermal analysis of grease-lubricated spherical roller bearings[J]. Tribology International, 2015.
[12]Hannon. W. M. Rolling-element bearing heat transfer: part I: analytic model［J］. Journal of Tribology, 2015, 137(3): 031102．
[13]Hannon. W. M. Rolling-element bearing heat transfer: part II: Housing, shaft, and bearing raceway partial differential equation solutions[J].Journal of Tribology, 2015, 137(3): 031103.
[14]李欢锋，李小虎，张燕飞等. 基于摩擦生热和接触应力的角接触球轴承结构参数分析[J]. 轴承, 2015, 2.
LI Huan-feng, LI Xiao-hu, ZHANG Yan-fei, et al. Analysis on Structural Parameters for Angular Contact Ball Bearings Based on Friction Heat Generation and Contact Stress[J]. Bearing, 2015, 2.
[15]陈观慈, 王黎钦, 古乐, 等. 高速球轴承的生热分析[J]. 航空动力学报, 2007, 22(1):163-168.
CHEN Guan-ci, WANG Li-qin, GU Le, et al. Heating analysis of the high speed bal l bearing[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 2007, 22(1):163-168.
[16]N. Sawalhi, R.B. Randall. Simulating gear and bearing interactions in the presence of faults Part I. The combined gear bearing dynamic model and the simulation of localised bearing faults[J]. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, 2008, 22:1924-1951.
[17]Harris. T, Kotzalas. M. Rolling bearing analysis-es-sential concepts of bearing technology[M]. 5th ed. New York: Taylor and Francis,2007.
[18]Epps. I. K. An investigation into vibrations excited by discrete faults in rolling element bearings[D]. Christchurch, New Zealand, Mechanical Engineering at the University of Canterbury, 1991.
[19]丁洪福, 王风涛, 景敏卿, 等. 高速球轴承热稳定性研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2017, 36(14): 168-173.
DING Hong-fu, WANG Feng-tao, JING Min-qing, et al. The thermal stability of high-speed ball bearings[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2017, 36(14): 168-173.
[20]刘静. 滚动轴承缺陷非线性激励机理与建模研究[D]. 重庆: 重庆大学, 2014.
LIU Jing. Nonlinear Vibration Mechanisms and Modeling of Defects in Rolling Element Bearings[D]. Chongqing: College of Mechanical Engineering of Chongqing University, 2014.
[21]R. A. Burton, H. E. Staph. Thermally Activated Seizure of Angular Contact Bearings[J]. ASLE Transactions, 2008.
[22]T. A. Harris, M. H. Mindel. Rolling element bearing dynamics[J]. Wear, 1973.
[23]T. A. Harris. Rolling bearing analysis[M].2006.
[24]Jafar Takabi, M. M. Khonsari. Experimental testing and thermal analysis of ball bearings[J]. Tribology International, 2013.
[25]罗红梅, 齐明侠, 裴峻峰. 滚动轴承故障诊断中精确转频的实用计算新方法[J]. 振动与冲击, 2007, 26(5): 64-66.
LUO Hong-mei, QI Ming-xia, FEI Jun-feng. A New Method Calculating Accurate Rotating Frequency in Fault Diagnosis of Roller Bearings[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2007, 26(5): 64-66.