采用迭代式浸入边界法对刚性耦合三圆柱的流致振动进行了数值模拟研究。三圆柱按照等边三角形排列，上游两个并排圆柱，下游一个圆柱。圆柱间距比为P/D = 1.0-4.0，雷诺数为Re = 100，质量比为m* = 2.0，折合流速为Ur = 3.0-30.0。通过研究圆柱的振幅、频率和流体力随折合流速的变化规律，发现了两种不同的振动模式，即小间距比条件（P/D = 1.0）下的驰振模式和中、大间距比条件（P/D = 1.6-4.0）下的涡激振动模式。而涡激振动模式在不同的间距比条件下又具有单锁定区间（P/D = 1.6）和双锁定区间（P/D = 2.5-4.0）两种不同振动特征。进一步分析尾流模式，发现第一锁定区间（含单锁定区间）内的振动响应由剪切层重附着机制激发，而第二锁定区间内的振动响应由交替尾涡泄放机制激发。
Abstract
This paper numerically investigated the flow-induced vibration of three rigidly coupled cylinders by using the iterative immersed boundary method. The three cylinders are in equilateral-triangular arrangements with two side-by-side cylinders upstream and one cylinder downstream. The spacing ratio of the cylinders is P/D = 1.0-4.0, the Reynolds number is Re = 100, the mass ratio is m* = 2, and the reduced velocity is Ur = 3.0-30.0. Variations of the vibration amplitude, the vibration frequency and the hydrodynamic forces of the cylinders with the reduced velocity are investigated. Two vibration modes are found, and they are the galloping mode at a small spacing ratio (P/D = 1.0) and the vortex-induced vibration mode at a medium to a large spacing ratio (P/D = 1.6-4.0). Under the conditions with different spacing ratios, the vortex-induced vibration vibration shows distinct features, i.e. the single lock-in region at P/D = 1.6 and double lock-in regions at P/D = 2.5-4.0. By further investigating the wake patterns, it is found that in the first lock-in region (also in the single lock-in region), the vibration is excited by the shear-layer reattachment, while in the second lock-in region, the vibration is provoked by the alternate vortex-shedding from the cylinders.
关键词
刚性耦合 /
三圆柱 /
流致振动 /
等边三角形排列
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Key words
rigidly coupled /
triple cylinders /
flow-induced vibration /
equilateral-triangular arrangements
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