本文在对浮置板隔振器载荷特征分析基础上，提出了隔振器优化设计目标，基于非线性隔振理论，设计了具有高静低动刚度特性的非线性刚度曲线，并对其静态和动态特性进行了分析；针对所设计的非线性刚度曲线存在的缺陷，本文设计了与之匹配的最优隔振器阻尼曲线，进一步提高其隔振性能。本文通过对浮置板轨道用隔振器刚度和阻尼参数的非线性设计，使得隔振器兼具低频隔振和动态位移控制的能力。理论研究表明：相比线性隔振器，所设计的非线性隔振器具有更低的主共振频率，且共振峰值明显低于线性系统。相比采用既有线性钢弹簧隔振器的浮置板减振轨道系统（以下简称线性系统），采用非线性隔振器的浮置板减振轨道系统可有效控制轨道板动态位移，轨道板动态位移可降低约50%左右；可显著降低轨道板的振动加速度响应，振动加速度有效值可降低约46%；在低频段（≤20Hz）的隔振效果优于线性系统，尤其在10Hz左右处的衰减效果最为明显，分频最大振级插入损失达到 11.83dB。
关键词：高静低动刚度；非线性隔振；非线性刚度；非线性阻尼；浮置板轨道；低频振动；动态位移
Abstract
Based on the study of floating slab isolator loads characteristics, the isolator optimal design objective is proposed, and accoding to nonlinear vibration theory, a nonlinear stiffness curve with high-static-low-dynamic is designed and its static and dynamic characteristics are analyzed. Aiming at the defects of the designed nonlinear stiffness curve, an optimal damping curve is proposed, aiming at further improved its vibration isolation effects. By nonlinear designing of the stiffness and damping parameters, the vibration isolator floating slab system has both lower frequency vibration isolation and displacement inhibition capacity. The theoretical study shows that, the nonlinear isolator has a lower principal resonant frequency and a lower resonant peak compared with linear isolator; compared with traditional floating slab system which adopt linear steel spring isolator (also called linear system), the floating slab system which adopt nonlinear isolator (also called nonlinear system) has a better displacement control capacity, the dynamic displacement response of the slab can be reduced by about 50%; the nonlinear system can significantly reduce the acceleration response of floating slab, vibration acceleration effective value can be reduced about 46%; the nonlinear system has a better vibration attenuation effect in the lower frequency band (≤20Hz), the maximum frequency division level insertion loss is about 11.83dB compared to linear system at about 10Hz.
Key words: High-static-low-dynamic stiffness; nonlinear vibration isolation; nonlinear stiffness; nonlinear damping; floating slab track; lower frequency vibration; dynamic displacement
关键词
高静低动刚度 /
非线性隔振 /
非线性刚度 /
非线性阻尼 /
浮置板轨道 /
低频振动 /
动态位移
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Key words
High-static-low-dynamic stiffness /
nonlinear vibration isolation /
nonlinear stiffness /
nonlinear damping /
floating slab track /
lower frequency vibration /
dynamic displacement
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