分离式冲击-刮切复合钻头破岩机理及钻进破岩研究

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振动与冲击 ›› 2022, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (16) : 232-241.

论文

蔡灿1,2,3，谭政博1，玄令超4，杨迎新1,2,3，任海涛1,2，蒲治成1，张沛1，谢松1

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A study on drilling breakage and rock breaking mechanism by using separated impact-scraping and cutting compound bit

CAI Can1,2,3, TAN Zhengbo1, XUAN Lingchao4,YANG Yingxin1,2,3, REN Haitao1,2, PU Zhicheng1, ZHANG Pei1, XIE Song1

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摘要

随着油气勘探开发的不断深入，传统PDC钻头在深部地层钻进过程中的粘滑、回弹震荡等问题愈加突显，为此提出一种新型冲击-刮切复合PDC钻头，并基于该钻头分离式冲击-刮切的工作原理，开展了单元齿冲击、单元齿切削以及冲击-刮切复合破岩的实验与数值模拟。结果表明，冲击齿冲击岩石产生冲击坑，使冲击坑7mm范围内岩石强度显著降低，同时可降低切削齿所需切削力，形成了较大切削岩屑，并影响冲击坑附近应力分布。同时基于正交实验，对冲击参数和切削参数的敏感性进行分析，探究各因素对冲击-刮切复合破岩的影响规律，结果表明影响较大的因素分别是冲击位置、切削速度、冲击齿类型以及切削深度。采用全尺寸钻头对比分析常规PDC钻头和复合钻头破岩井底形貌，发现复合钻头井底破碎体积更大。研究内容对研制和应用新型冲击-刮切复合PDC钻头具有重要参考价值。
关键词：冲击作用；破岩机理；冲击-刮切复合破岩；数值模拟

Abstract

With the continuous deepening of oil and gas exploration and development, the stick-slip, rebound and shock problems of traditional PDC bits in deep formations have become more and more prominent. Therefore, a new type of impact-scraping composite PDC bit has been proposed. Based on the working principle of the drill bit, experiments and numerical simulations of unit tooth impact, unit tooth cutting, and impact-scraping composite rock breaking were carried out. The results show that the impact pits generated by the impact tooth impacting on the rock reduce the strength of the rock near the impact pit, reduce the cutting force required by the cutting teeth, form larger cutting debris, and affect the stress distribution near the impact pit. At the same time, based on the orthogonal experiment, the sensitivity of impact parameters and cutting parameters was analyzed, and the influence of various factors on the impact-scraping composite rock breaking was explored. The results showed that the most influential factors were impact position, cutting speed, and impact tooth. Type and depth of cut. A full-size drill bit was used to compare and analyze the bottom hole morphology of the conventional PDC drill bit and the composite drill bit, and it was found that the composite drill bit had a larger bottom hole fracture volume. The research content has important reference value for the development and application of a new type of impact-scraping composite PDC bit.
Key words: impacting; rock breaking mechanism; impact-cutting compound rock breaking; numerical Simulation

导出引用

蔡灿1,2,3，谭政博1，玄令超4，杨迎新1,2,3，任海涛1,2，蒲治成1，张沛1，谢松1. 分离式冲击-刮切复合钻头破岩机理及钻进破岩研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2022, 41(16): 232-241

CAI Can1,2,3, TAN Zhengbo1, XUAN Lingchao4,YANG Yingxin1,2,3, REN Haitao1,2, PU Zhicheng1, ZHANG Pei1, XIE Song1. A study on drilling breakage and rock breaking mechanism by using separated impact-scraping and cutting compound bit[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2022, 41(16): 232-241

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