径向节流型磁流变胶泥缓冲器冲击动力学行为

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振动与冲击 ›› 2022, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (17) : 177-184.

论文

付本元1，张贤明2，刘驰1，李祝强2，廖昌荣3

作者信息 +

Impact dynamic behavior of radial throttling MR mastic buffer

FU Benyuan1, ZHANG Xianming2, LIU Chi1, LI Zhuqiang2, LIAO Changrong3

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

为提高汽车碰撞缓冲系统的自适应调节能力，本文提出一种波纹圧溃与径向流动节流共同作用的可控缓冲器。用波纹管取代传统吸能盒，并串接于磁流变阀，内部填充具备优秀悬浮稳定性的磁流变胶泥；为提高磁场利用率且减小缓冲器轴向长度，在磁流变阀内建立胶泥流动方向与磁场方向完全垂直的径向流道。基于Herschel-Bulkley (HB)本构模型推导了流道内流动节流压降与冲击速度间的关系；考虑局部损耗的影响，构建了HB-Minor Losses (HBM)动力学模型；进一步定量分析了惯性效应产生的压降，构建了包含惯性效应的HBM-Inertia (HBMI)模型。制作了缓冲器并开展了落锤冲击试验；分析了径向流道压降在阻尼流道总压降中的比重；分析了局部损耗对压降的影响，提出了进一步提高可控性的局部损耗优化区域。对比理论与试验缓冲力曲线，分四个阶段分析了惯性效应对缓冲力的具体影响，发现惯性效应主要在峰值阶段、结束阶段影响缓冲力；比较了理论模型与试验峰值力、动态范围，进一步得到理论动态范围相对误差，结果表明：HBMI模型对磁流变胶泥缓冲器动力学行为的预测更为准确。
关键词：磁流变胶泥缓冲器；径向节流；动力学行为；局部损耗；惯性效应

Abstract

To improve the adaptive adjustment ability of automobile buffer system, a controllable buffer with the combination of corrugation crush and radial flow throttling is proposed in this paper. The corrugated tube is used to replace the traditional crash box and connected in series with the magnetorheological (MR) valve, which is filled with MR cement with excellent suspension stability. For improving the utilization rate of magnetic field and reducing the axial length of buffer, a radial channel is established in MR valve. In the radial channel, the flow direction of cement is completely perpendicular to the direction of magnetic field. Based on the Herschel Bulkley (HB) constitutive model, the relationship between flow throttling pressure drop and impact velocity is deduced. Considering the influence of minor losses, HB-minor losses (HBM) dynamic model is constructed. Further, the pressure drop caused by inertia effect is quantitatively analyzed. At last, the HBM-inertia (HBMI) model is constructed. The buffer is made and the impact tests are carried out. The proportion of radial pressure drop in the total pressure drop of damping channels is analyzed. The influence of minor losses on pressure drop is analyzed. To further improve the controllability, the minor losses optimization regions are put forward. Comparing the theoretical and experimental buffer force curves, the influence of inertia effect on buffer force is analyzed in four stages. It is found that inertia effect mainly affects buffer force in peak stage and end stage. The theoretical models are compared with the experimental peak force and dynamic range. Then the relative error of the dynamic range of the theoretical models are further obtained. The results show that the HBMI model is more accurate in predicting the dynamic behavior of MR cement buffer.
Key words: magnetorheological cement buffer; radial throttling; dynamic behavior; minor losses; inertia effect

导出引用

付本元1，张贤明2，刘驰1，李祝强2，廖昌荣3. 径向节流型磁流变胶泥缓冲器冲击动力学行为[J]. 振动与冲击, 2022, 41(17): 177-184

FU Benyuan1, ZHANG Xianming2, LIU Chi1, LI Zhuqiang2, LIAO Changrong3. Impact dynamic behavior of radial throttling MR mastic buffer[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2022, 41(17): 177-184

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