钢岔枕振动特性及结构优化研究

王树国,易强,王猛,王璞

振动与冲击 ›› 2022, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (17) : 18-24.

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PDF(2860 KB)
振动与冲击 ›› 2022, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (17) : 18-24.
论文

钢岔枕振动特性及结构优化研究

  • 王树国,易强,王猛,王璞
作者信息 +

Vibration characteristics and structural optimization of steel switch sleeper

  • WANG Shuguo, YI Qiang, WANG Meng, WANG Pu
Author information +
文章历史 +

摘要

列车荷载作用下钢岔枕振动过大从而导致其稳定性较差,为了提高钢岔枕在道岔中的适用性,从振动特性和列车荷载作用下结构动态响应两个方面分析钢岔枕几何参数及扣件、道床刚度对钢岔枕振动的影响规律,探明影响钢岔枕振动的关键因素并提出结构优化建议。研究结果表明,由于钢岔枕截面具有开口特征,使得结构刚度较低,容易出现截面扭转变形以及翘曲,通过增加钢岔枕底板的厚度,增大钢岔枕截面刚度,可有效控制由截面变形引起的钢岔枕振动响应。此外钢岔枕振动响应与扣件刚度和枕下道床刚度密切相关,相邻轨枕位置轨下动刚度的不均匀特征可形成钢岔枕-混凝土岔枕共振。为实现动刚度均匀化,可根据岔枕的质量设计合理的扣件刚度以及枕下支撑刚度,从而降低钢岔枕振动响应。最后基于车辆-道岔动力学耦合模型验证钢岔枕结构参数以及扣件刚度优化后的减振效果。
关键词:钢岔枕;振动;结构优化;车辆-道岔耦合

Abstract

The stability of steel switch sleepers is low due to excessive vibration under moving train load. In order to improve the applicability of steel switch sleepers in turnouts, the effects of the geometric parameters of the steel sleeper and stiffness of the fastening and ballast are analyzed according to the vibration characteristics and dynamic response of the structure under train load. The key factors affecting the vibration of steel sleeper are found out and suggestions for structure optimization are put forward. The results show that the steel switch sleeper has low structural stiffness and is prone to torsional deformation and warpage due to the opening characteristics of the cross-section. By increasing the thickness of the bottom plate of steel sleeper, the cross-sectional stiffness will be improved, and the dynamic response of steel sleeper caused by cross-section deformation can be suppressed. In addition, the vibration response of steel sleeper is closely related to the stiffness of fastening and sleeper support. Uneven dynamic stiffness under rail can cause resonance of the steel sleeper-concrete turnout sleeper. In order to achieve the homogenization of dynamic stiffness, reasonable fastening stiffness and sleeper support stiffness can be designed according to the mass of the steel sleeper so as to reduce the vibration response of the steel sleeper. Finally, the vibration reduction effect of the optimized structural parameters and fastening stiffness of the steel switch sleeper is verified according to the vehicle-turnout dynamic coupled model.

关键词

钢岔枕 / 振动 / 结构优化 / 车辆-道岔耦合

Key words

steel switch sleeper / vibration / structure optimization / vehicle-turnout coupling

引用本文

导出引用
王树国,易强,王猛,王璞. 钢岔枕振动特性及结构优化研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2022, 41(17): 18-24
WANG Shuguo, YI Qiang, WANG Meng, WANG Pu. Vibration characteristics and structural optimization of steel switch sleeper[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2022, 41(17): 18-24

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