为揭示跨走滑断层斜拉桥的地震响应规律，以一座主跨360 m的斜拉桥为对象，采用OpenSees建立全桥三维非线性动力分析模型，以3组带有永久位移的走滑断层地震动作为输入，重点关注跨断层地震动作用下不同构件的响应特点。通过对比跨断层和近断层斜拉桥的地震响应以研究断层跨越效应的影响，同时分析斜拉桥在不同永久位移幅值和断层跨越角度时的响应规律。研究结果表明：相比于近断层斜拉桥，跨断层斜拉桥的地震响应显著增大，这主要体现于下塔柱横向响应、桥墩的纵向和横向响应、主梁的横向弯矩和扭矩，同时桥塔和主梁在震后还会有很大的残余变形；永久位移幅值和断层跨越角度是影响结构响应的重要因素，当跨越角度不为90°时，桥塔的纵向和扭转响应随永久位移呈增大趋势，桥塔也表现出纵向大残余变形，因此垂直跨越对桥塔一般较为有利，但此时主梁的横向及扭转响应又较非垂直跨越时更大，且对永久位移的大小很敏感；此外，受索、塔、梁之间耦合效应的影响，主梁的竖向响应和索力在非垂直跨越断层时也会发生较大改变。
关键词：跨断层斜拉桥；走滑断层；断层跨越效应；永久位移幅值；断层跨越角度
Abstract
To study seismic responses of the cable-stayed bridge crossing strike-slip fault rupture zone, a cable-stayed bridge with a main span of 360 m was taken as a prototype bridge, and 3D nonlinear dynamic finite-element model of the bridge was generated in OpenSees. Three ground motions with permanent displacement from strike-slip earthquakes were selected, and the response characteristics of different components under across-fault ground motion were investigated. The influence of fault crossing effect was studied by comparing the response of cable-stayed bridge in fault-crossing and near-fault, and the seismic responses under different permanent displacement and fault-crossing angles were investigated. The results show that seismic responses of the fault-crossing cable-stayed bridge are significantly larger than that of the near-fault cable-stayed bridge, especially in the transverse of the lower pylon, the longitudinal and transverse of the pier, the transverse bending moment and torsional moment of girder. Besides, there is a large residual deformation of the tower and girder after the earthquake. The permanent displacement and fault-crossing angle have a significant impact on the seismic response. When the angle is not equal to 90°, the longitudinal and torsional responses of the pylon increase significantly with the increase of permanent displacement, and the pylons have extensive longitudinal residual deformation. Therefore, it is beneficial to the tower when the fault-crossing angle approaches 90°, but the transverse and torsional responses of the girder are larger than other angles, and the girder response also increases with the increase of permanent displacement. When the fault and bridge are not perpendicular, the vertical response of girder and the cable force change greatly due to the interaction between towers, girder and cables.
Key words: fault-crossing cable-stayed bridge; strike-slip fault; fault-crossing effect; permanent displacement; fault-crossing angle
关键词
跨断层斜拉桥 /
走滑断层 /
断层跨越效应 /
永久位移幅值 /
断层跨越角度
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Key words
fault-crossing cable-stayed bridge /
strike-slip fault /
fault-crossing effect /
permanent displacement; /
fault-crossing angle
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