横风下高速列车突入隧道瞬变压力及列车风

PDF(4741 KB)

振动与冲击 ›› 2022, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (3) : 27-36.

论文

横风下高速列车突入隧道瞬变压力及列车风

王磊1,2,3，骆建军1,2,3，李飞龙1,2,3

作者信息 +

Transient pressure and train wind during high-speed train entering a tunnel under crosswind

WANG Lei1,2,3, LUO Jianjun1,2,3, LI Feilong1,2,3

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

针对高速列车在横风下突入隧道的普遍情形，考虑空气的非定常、可压缩湍流特性，建立列车-隧道-横风三维数值模型，对比研究有无横风条件下列车突入过程中隧道内的瞬变压力变化规律和列车风特性。通过将数值计算结果与现场实测数据进行对比，验证了数值方法的准确性。研究结果表明：与无横风情况相比，列车在横风中高速驶入时隧道入口周围的瞬变压力和列车风发生明显变化；在尾车完全驶入前，横风对背风侧气动压力的影响程度比迎风侧的大，其中头车突入时对隧道入口气动压力的影响最为显著；横风对隧道内气动压力和列车风的影响范围有限，当横风速度为24.4 m/s时，隧道内受影响距离为50 m；头车突入隧道时，横风对列车背风侧列车风的影响较大，而尾车完全驶入时，横风对列车迎风侧的列车风的影响比较严重；横风效应是导致列车背风侧气动压力和气流速度大幅波动的根本原因。

Abstract

For the general case of high-speed trains passing a tunnel under crosswinds, considering the unsteady compressible turbulence characteristics of the flow, a 3D numerical model including train-tunnel-crosswind was established to and study the aerodynamic pressure change laws and slipstream characteristics under the conditions of crosswinds and without crosswinds comparatively. The accuracy of the numerical method was validated by the full-scale experiment. The main conclusions can be summarized as follow: Compared with the condition of without crosswind, the transient pressure and slipstream near the tunnel entrance change significantly when the train enters under crosswind. Before the full entry of the tail car, the influence of crosswind on the aerodynamic pressure at the leeward side is greater than that on the windward side, and the influence of the head car on the aerodynamic pressure at the tunnel entrance is the most significant. The influence of crosswind on aerodynamic pressure and gust in tunnel is limited. When the crosswind speed is 24.4 m / s, the distance affected in the tunnel is 50 m. When the head car enters, the crosswind has a great influence on the train wind on the leeward side of the train, while the influence of crosswind on the windward side of the train is more serious when the tail car enters completely. The crosswind effect is the fundamental reason for the large fluctuation of aerodynamic pressure and air velocity.

导出引用

王磊1,2,3，骆建军1,2,3，李飞龙1,2,3. 横风下高速列车突入隧道瞬变压力及列车风[J]. 振动与冲击, 2022, 41(3): 27-36

WANG Lei1,2,3, LUO Jianjun1,2,3, LI Feilong1,2,3. Transient pressure and train wind during high-speed train entering a tunnel under crosswind[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2022, 41(3): 27-36

参考文献

[1] Mashimo S, Nakatsu E, Aoki T, et al. Entry compression wave generated by a high-speed train entering a tunnel[J]. Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series B. 1995, 61(590): 3720-3727.
[2] Hemida H, Baker C, Gao G. The calculation of train slipstreams using large-eddy simulation[J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit. 2012, 228: 25-36.
[3] 张畲. 高速列车通过隧道时产生的瞬变压力[J]. 铁道建筑. 1994(5): 33-36.
Zhang She. Transient pressure generated when a high-speed train passes through a tunnel[J]. Railway Engineering. 1994(5): 33-36.
[4] 骆建军，高波，王英学，等. 高速列车通过隧道时压力变化的数值模拟[J]. 中国铁道科学. 2003, 24(4): 82-86.
Luo Jianjun, Gao Bo, Wang Yingxue, et al. Numerical study on the pressure change when high-speed train passing through a tunnel[J]. China Railway Science. 2003, 24(4): 82-86.
[5] Raghunathan R S, Kim H D, Setoguchi T. Aerodynamics of high-speed railway train[J]. Progress in Aerospace Sciences. 2002, 38(6): 469-514.
[6] 牛纪强. 高速列车通过隧道时产生的列车风研究[J]. 铁道科学与工程学报. 2015, 12(6): 1268-1276.
Niu Jiqiang. Research on gusts caused by high-speed trains passing through tunnel[J]. Journal of Railway Science and Engineering. 2015, 12(6): 1268-1276
[7] Niu J, Sui Y, Yu Q, et al. Aerodynamics of railway train/tunnel system: A review of recent research[J]. Energy and Built Environment. 2020, 1(4): 351-375.
[8] Gilbert T, Baker C J, Quinn A. Gusts caused by high-speed trains in confined spaces and tunnels[J]. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics. 2013, 121: 39-48.
[9] Zonglin J, Matsuoka K, Sasoh A, et al. Numerical and experimental investigation of wave dynamic processes in high-speed train/tunnels[J]. Acta Mechanica Sinica. 2002, 18(3): 209-226.
[10] Howe M S. The compression wave produced by a high-speed train entering a tunnel[J]. Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences. 1998, 454(1974): 1523-1534.
[11] Rabani M, Faghih A K. Numerical analysis of airflow around a passenger train entering the tunnel[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology. 2015, 45: 203-213.
[12] Ko Y, Chen C, Hoe I, et al. Field measurements of aerodynamic pressures in tunnels induced by high speed trains[J]. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics. 2012, 100(1): 19-29.
[13] Sakuma Y, Suzuki M, Ido A, et al. Measurement of air velocity and pressure distributions around high speed trains on board and on the ground[J]. The Proceedings of International Symposium on Seed-up and Service Technology for Railway and Maglev Systems : STECH. 2009, 2009: 360761-360769.
[14] Suzuki M, Ido A, Sakuma Y, et al. Full-scale measurement and numerical simulation of flow around high-speed train in tunnel[J]. Journal of Mechanical Systems for Transportation and Logistics. 2008, 1(3): 281-292.
[15] Sakuma Y, Paidoussis M P, Price S J, et al. Aerodynamic forces acting on and lateral translational and rotational motions of intermediate cars travelling in a tunnel[J]. Journal of System Design and Dynamics. 2008, 2(1): 240-250.
[16] Suzuki M. Flow-induced Vibration of High-Speed Trains in Tunnels[M]. 2004: 19, 443-452.
[17] 刘堂红，田红旗. 不同外形列车过隧道实车试验的比较分析[J]. 中国铁道科学. 2008, 29(1): 51-55.
Liu Tanghong, Tian Hongqi. Comparison analysis of the full-scale train tests for trains with diffrerent shapes passing tunnel[J]. China Railway Science. 2008, 29(1): 51-55.
[18] 刘堂红，田红旗，金学松. 隧道空气动力学实车试验研究[J]. 空气动力学学报. 2008, 26(1): 42-46.
Liu Tanghong, Tianhongqi, Jin Xuesong. Experimental study of full-scale train on aerodynamics in tunnel[J]. Acta Aerodynamica Sinica. 2008, 26(1): 42-46.
[19] Chen Z, Liu T, Zhou X, et al. Impact of ambient wind on aerodynamic performance when two trains intersect inside a tunnel[J]. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics. 2017, 169: 139-155.
[20] Zhou X, Liu T, Chen Z, et al. Effect of ambient wind on pressure wave generated by high-speed train entering a tunnel[J]. Journal of Central South University. 2017, 24(6): 1465-1475.
[21] 李炎. 铁路隧道列车活塞风特性分析及理论研究[D]. 兰州: 兰州交通大学, 2010.
Li Yan. Characteristic and theoretical study of train piston wind in railway tunnels[D]. Lanzhou: Lanzhou Jiaotong University, 2010
[22] 郗艳红，毛军，李明高，等. 高速列车侧风效应的数值模拟[J]. 北京交通大学学报. 2010, 34(1): 14-19.
Xi Yanhong, Mao Jun, Li Mingao, et al. Numerical study on the crosswind effects of high-speed train[J]. Journal of Beijing Jiaotong University. 2010, 34(1): 14-19.
[23] Liu T, Chen Z, Zhou X, et al. A CFD analysis of the aerodynamics of a high-speed train passing through a windbreak transition under crosswind[J]. Engineering Applications of Computational Fluid Mechanics. 2018, 12(1): 137-151.
[24] He K, Gao G, Wang J, et al. Performance of a turbine driven by train-induced wind in a tunnel[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology. 2018, 82: 416-427.
[25] 苗秀娟，张雷，李志伟，等. 强横风下列车出隧道时的瞬态气动性能[J]. 中南大学学报(自然科学版). 2014, 45(3): 958-964.
Miao Xiujuan, Zhang Lei, Li Zhiwei, et al. Aerodynamic performance of train passing out tunnel under cross-windJ[J]. Journal of Central South University (Science and Technology). 2014, 45(3): 958-964.
[26] 李鹏，梁习锋，牛纪强. 突风口环境下的高速列车周围流场数值模拟[J]. 铁道科学与工程学报. 2017, 14(6): 1113-1121.
Li Peng, Liang Xifeng, Niu Jiqiang. Numerical simulation of the flow around a high-speed train moving through a crosswind flow[J].Journal of Railway Science and Engineering. 2017, 14(6): 1113-1121.
[27] Baron A, Mossi M, Sibilla S. The alleviation of the aerodynamic drag and wave effects of high-speed trains in very long tunnels[J]. Journal of Wind Engineering & Industrial Aerodynamics. 2001, 89(5): 365-401.
[28] Zhang L, Liu H, Stoll N, et al. Influence of tunnel aerodynamic effects by slope of equal-transect ring oblique tunnel portal[J]. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics. 2017, 169: 106-116.
[29] 施成华，王昂，邓锷，等. 桥隧段风屏障对高速列车气动荷载及行车安全的影响[J]. 华南理工大学学报（自然科学版）. 2020, 48(6): 58-68, 76.
Shi Chenghua, Wang Ang, Deng E, et al. Wind barrier's effect on aerodynamic load and driving safety of high-speed trains at tunnel-bridge-tunnel section[J]. Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition) . 2020, 48(6): 58-68, 76.
[30] Niu J, Zhou D, Liu T, et al. Numerical simulation of aerodynamic performance of a couple multiple units high-speed train[J]. Vehicle System Dynamics. 2017, 55(5): 681-703.
[31] Liu T, Jiang Z, Li W, et al. Differences in aerodynamic effects when trains with different marshalling forms and lengths enter a tunnel[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology. 2019, 84: 70-81.
[32] Yang W, Deng E, Lei M, et al. Flow structure and aerodynamic behavior evolution during train entering tunnel with entrance in crosswind[J]. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics. 2018, 175: 229-243.