为探索立面变化对圆角弧边三角形超高层建筑气动力特性的影响，采用风洞试验方法对6种立面收缩形式的建筑物进行了表面风压测试，研究了不同立面收缩形式、不同地貌和风向角情况下建筑三分力系数、横风向弯矩系数功率谱以及层脉动升力系数功率谱的变化特性。结果显示，锥度化和同向退台均可有效降低平均阻力系数、平均升力系数以及脉动升力系数，且降幅随锥度增大而增大，相比之下退台的效果更佳；两种退台旋转可更大程度减小三个平均分力系数和脉动阻力系数，并改变脉动升力系数和脉动扭矩系数峰值所对应的风向范围。随着锥度增大，横风向弯矩系数功率谱峰值频率右移，谱峰降低，采用退台则影响程度更大。退台旋转会使功率谱部分频段的能量明显超过同向退台情况，因为当旋转部分圆角迎风时，在两侧风弧面上加速的气流可对上方相邻退台的漩涡脱落起增强效应。
Abstract
In order to explore the influence of facade changes on aerodynamic characteristics of rounded corner arc triangular super high-rise buildings, the wind tunnel test method was used to test the surface wind pressure of buildings with six kinds of facade contraction forms, and the variation characteristics of three-component force coefficients, cross-wind overturning moment coefficients power spectrum, and layer fluctuating lift coefficients power spectrum angles under different facade contraction forms, landforms and wind directions were studied. The results show that both the tapering and setback can effectively reduce the mean drag coefficients, mean lift coefficients and fluctuating lift coefficients, and the decrease amplitude increases with the increase of the taper ratio. In contrast, the effect of setback is better. The two rotating setback can reduce the mean three-component coefficients and fluctuating drag coefficients to a greater extent, and change the wind direction range corresponding to the peak values of the fluctuating lift coefficients and fluctuating torque coefficients. With the increase of taper ratio, the peak frequency of cross-wind overturning moment coefficients power spectrum increases, and the peak of the spectrum decreases, which are more influenced by setback. The two rotating setback can make the energy of some frequency bands of the power spectrum exceed that of the case of setback, because when the rounded corner of the rotating part is windward, the accelerated airflow on the two arcs can enhance the vortex shedding of the upper adjacent part.
关键词
超高层建筑 /
立面收缩 /
圆角弧边三角形 /
风洞试验 /
气动力特性
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Key words
super high-rise buildings /
facade contraction /
rounded corner arc triangular /
wind tunnel test /
aerodynamic characteristics
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