台风“苏迪罗”行进过程中沿海近地实测风场特性研究

张建国,温祖坚,雷鹰

振动与冲击 ›› 2024, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (11) : 272-278.

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振动与冲击 ›› 2024, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (11) : 272-278.
论文

台风“苏迪罗”行进过程中沿海近地实测风场特性研究

  • 张建国,温祖坚,雷鹰
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Coastal near ground actually measured wind field characteristics in typhoon “Soudelor” moving process

  • ZHANG Jianguo, WEN Zujian, LEI Ying
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摘要

基于厦门大嶝岛台风观测点阵列布置风速仪的现场实测,选取了1513号台风“苏迪罗”在四个不同时间段的风速风向数据,对台风行进过程中的沿海近地风场特性进行了详细分析,得到了台风中心距离观测点400公里、250公里、150公里和120公里时的沿海近地平均风速风向、风剖面、阵风因子、湍流度、湍流积分尺度和功率谱密度函数等参数,研究了各种参数同台风中心距和观测高度之间的关系,结果表明:在台风行进过程中,观测点所测风速的平均风速剖面满足对数律规律,粗糙长度z0约为4.0米。阵风因子和湍流度变化较为平缓,二者呈线性变化关系。三个方向上的湍流度比值约为1:0.8:0.45,湍流积分尺度离散性大,顺、横风向的功率谱密度函数符合von Karman谱的形式,但竖直方向不符合。该结果对深入了解台风在行进中对固定观测点的影响以及提高沿海工程结构的抗风安全性具有实际意义。

Abstract

Based on the field measurements of matrix layout anemometers in Dadeng island of Xiamen city, the wind velocity and direction data in four time intervals of typhoon ‘Soudelor’ are selected to analyze the coastal near ground wind characteristics during the typhoon moving. The mean wind speed and direction, wind profile, gust factor, turbulence intensity, turbulence scale and spectra in different time interval are discussed in detail. The four time intervals are corresponding to the typhoon center distance of 400km, 250km, 150km and 120km from the wind measurement towers respectively. The relationships between these parameters and typhoon center distance and height are presented. The results show that the wind profile meet the logarithmic law and the roughness length equals to 4.0m or so. The variation of gust factors and turbulence intensities is slow during whole process of moving. There is a linear relationship between gust factors and turbulence intensities. The ratio of turbulence intensity in alongwind, across-wind and vertical direction is 1:0.8:0.45. The power spectra in alongwind, across-wind agree with von Karman spectrum, but that in vertical direction does not meet. The outputs in this study are very useful for further understanding of the typhoon influences to coastal area during typhoon moving. It is also helpful to improve the wind resistance capacity of coastal engineering structures.

关键词

实测 / 近地风特性 / 台风中心距 / 台风行进

Key words

field measurement / near ground wind characteristics / typhoon center distance / typhoon moving

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张建国,温祖坚,雷鹰. 台风“苏迪罗”行进过程中沿海近地实测风场特性研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2024, 43(11): 272-278
ZHANG Jianguo, WEN Zujian, LEI Ying. Coastal near ground actually measured wind field characteristics in typhoon “Soudelor” moving process[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2024, 43(11): 272-278

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