气液混输是油气管道输运的常用技术，与单相管道相比，气液混输管道泄漏时，由于气液相间相互作用，流动情况复杂。所有流型中，段塞流研究最为困难。为了研究气液混输管道段塞流型下泄漏的流场特征，对比单相管道与混输管道泄漏动态压力波的波形特点，基于动网格与UDF（user-defined function）模拟泄漏发生的全过程，分析泄漏过程以及液塞经过泄漏孔口过程的压力、流速、湍流强度变化，得到气液混输间歇流泄漏流场特征。结果表明：与单相管道相比，泄漏方位为上部和中部时，混输管道段塞流泄漏瞬间形成明显的方向向下的动态压力波脉冲，持续泄漏则交替出现多个向上和向下的信号脉冲，且信号的幅值远大于正常流动信号的幅值。泄漏瞬间产生的方向向下的动态压力脉冲是由压力突然下降引起，泄漏瞬间引起的压力变化主要反映在管道压力上，通过管道安装的动态压力传感器可有效反映泄漏瞬间产生的压力变化。液塞到达与离开泄漏位置是影响管道压力波动的主要因素。动网格仿真模拟与实验结合的方法可用于研究气液混输管道段塞流泄漏的流场特征。
Abstract
Gas-liquid mixed transportation is a common technology for oil and gas pipeline transportation. Compared with gas/liquid single-phase pipeline, when a gas-liquid mixed pipeline leaks, due to the interaction between the gas and the liquid phase, the flow is complicated. Slug flow study is most difficult. In order to study the characteristics of slug leak, the difference between single-phase pipeline and mixed pipeline leak dynamic pressure is studied, leakage process is simulated based on dynamic mesh and UDF, pressure, velocity and turbulent intensity are analyzed, then the flow field characteristic of slug leakage is obtained. The results show that, compared with the single-phase pipeline, when the leakage direction is the upper and middle parts, the leakage of the slug flow in the mixed pipeline forms an obvious downward dynamic pressure wave pulse, and the sustain leakage alternately appears multiple upward and downward signal pulses, and the amplitude of the signal is much larger than that of the normal flow signal. The downward dynamic pressure pulse generated at the moment of leakage is caused by the sudden drop of pressure. The pressure change caused by the moment of leakage is mainly reflected in the pipeline pressure. The dynamic pressure sensor installed through the pipeline can effectively reflect the pressure change generated at the moment of leakage. The arrival and departure positions of the liquid plug are the main factors affecting the pressure fluctuation of the pipeline. The combination of dynamic mesh simulation and experiment can be used to study the flow field characteristics of slug flow leakage in gas-liquid mixed pipeline.
关键词
气液混输管道 /
段塞流泄漏 /
流场特性
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Key words
Gas-liquid mixed Pipeline /
slug flow leakage /
flow field characteristics
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