基于二轴车过桥振动响应的桥梁模态特性识别方法研究

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振动与冲击 ›› 2024, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (13) : 78-89.

论文

程俭廷1，林梓康2，吴晓生1，王身宁1，周军勇2

作者信息 +

Identification method of bridge modal characteristics based on vibration response of 2-axle vehicle passing through bridge

CHENG Jianting1, LIN Zikang2, WU Xiaosheng1, WANG Shenning1, ZHOU Junyong2

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

为采用移动车辆过桥振动信号间接识别桥梁模态特性参数，达到快速检测路网桥梁群健康状况目的，研究了常规二轴车用于桥梁频率与模态振型同步识别方法。首先，理论推导了忽略车桥耦合效应情况下二轴车过桥的车桥接触点振动响应封闭解，通过前后车轴振动加速度响应的时滞信号相减构建接触点残余响应，应用双峰理想谱滤波和希尔伯特变换建立了同步识别桥梁频率与模态振型方法。其次，建立了车桥耦合振动数值有限元仿真程序，在考虑车桥耦合效应基础上验证了理论推导的准确性，并同步识别了桥梁频率与模态振型。最后，考虑更不利的路面粗糙度情况，检验了二轴车接触点残差响应的间接识别效果。研究表明在忽略车桥耦合效应情况下接触点残差响应不包含车辆和路面粗糙度影响，可以精准识别桥梁模态特性参数。数值有限元仿真证明通过车体响应间接计算接触点响应、通过桥梁节点插值计算接触点响应以及理论推导三者结果高度吻合，在路面粗糙度等级低的情况下本方法有很好效果。当粗糙度更为不利时，车桥耦合效应明显导致接触点响应残差中仍然包含车辆频率成分，对识别效果有一定干扰。采用接触点残余响应进行桥梁模态特性识别时，建议降低检测速度或优化试验车构造，抑制车桥耦合效应的不利影响。

Abstract

To indirectly identify bridge modal parameters using the vibration responses of passing vehicles and achieve the objective of rapid health condition assessment of network bridges, this study proposed a methodology of employing a normal two-axle vehicle to synchronously identify bridge frequencies and mode shapes. Firstly, theoretical formulas were derived for the vehicle-bridge contact-point responses during the passage of a two-axle vehicle over a beam bridge under the assumption of neglecting the vehicle-bridge coupling effect. The residual contact-point responses were obtained by subtracting the time-delayed contact-point response of the front axle from that of the rear axle. A synchronous identification method of bridge frequencies and mode shapes was established by applying a dual-peak idealized spectrum filter and the Hilbert transform on the residual contact-point responses. Secondly, a numerical finite element simulation program was developed with the consideration of the vehicle-bridge coupling effect to verify the accuracy of theoretical derivations. The bridge frequency and mode shape were successfully extracted. Finally, more adverse road surface roughness conditions were analyzed to examine the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results demonstrated that the contact-point residual response is not influenced by the vehicle and road roughness when neglecting the vehicle-bridge coupling effect. This makes it possible to accurately identify bridge modal parameters. Numerical finite element simulations validated that the contact-point responses indirectly calculated through vehicle responses, interpolated by bridge node responses, and computed by theoretical derivations are highly consistent. This consistency extended to scenarios with low-grade road surface roughness. However, when road surface roughness was worse, the vehicle-bridge coupling effect led to the inclusion of vehicle frequency components in the contact-point residual responses, making it difficult for indirect identification. It is suggested that when utilizing the contact-point residual response for identifying bridge modal properties, strategies such as reducing vehicle speed or optimizing the test vehicle should be employed to mitigate the negative impact of vehicle-bridge coupling effects.

导出引用

程俭廷1，林梓康2，吴晓生1，王身宁1，周军勇2. 基于二轴车过桥振动响应的桥梁模态特性识别方法研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2024, 43(13): 78-89

CHENG Jianting1, LIN Zikang2, WU Xiaosheng1, WANG Shenning1, ZHOU Junyong2. Identification method of bridge modal characteristics based on vibration response of 2-axle vehicle passing through bridge[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2024, 43(13): 78-89

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