轮轨摩擦自激振动导致曲线啸叫研究

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振动与冲击 ›› 2024, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (14) : 73-79.

论文

轮轨摩擦自激振动导致曲线啸叫研究

冯晓航，陈光雄，董丙杰，宋启峰，唐宇

作者信息 +

Curve squeal caused by the wheel-rail friction induced self-excited vibration

FENG Xiaohang，CHEN Guangxiong，DONG Bingjie，SONG Qifeng，TANG Yu

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

在地铁车辆通过狭窄的曲线轨道时，往往伴随着啸叫噪声的产生。为深入研究这一现象，本文考虑了列车在曲线轨道行驶时的轮轨接触状态，进而建立了轮对–轨道系统的摩擦耦合有限元模型。随后，通过复特征值分析对该模型进行深入研究，并探讨了不同摩擦系数以及钢轨吸振器的类型及其参数对曲线啸叫产生趋势的影响。研究结果表明，轮对–轨道系统由于摩擦自激振动而引起的曲线啸叫噪声频率为482.4 Hz、1205.1 Hz和2153.9 Hz，这与现场测试结果相一致。此外，当摩擦系数大于或等于0.25时，轮对–轨道系统才会出现2153.9 Hz的曲线啸叫噪声频率；而安装钢轨侧面吸振器及增大其连接阻尼或者选择合适的轨底吸振器结构均能有效地缓解轮对–轨道系统的摩擦自激振动。

Abstract

When subway vehicles traverse sharp curved tracks, they consistently generate squealing noise. To investigate this phenomenon, this study considered the wheel-rail contact conditions when the train passed through curved tracks, and then established a friction-coupling finite element model of a wheelset–track system. Complex eigenvalue analysis was also performed on this model to investigate the effects of different friction coefficients, rail vibration absorber types and parameters on the trend of curve squealing noise generation. The analysis results indicated that the frequencies of curve squeal noise generated by the wheelset–track system due to friction self-excited vibrations were 482.4 Hz, 1205.1 Hz, and 2153.9 Hz, which corroborated with the measurement results from the on-site tests. In addition, when the friction coefficient was greater than or equal to 0.25, the wheelset–track system began to exhibit curve squealing noise at a frequency of 2153.9 Hz. Moreover, installing rail side vibration absorbers and increasing their connection damping or selecting a suitable rail bottom vibration absorber structure can effectively alleviate the frictional self-excited vibration of the wheelset–track system.

导出引用

冯晓航，陈光雄，董丙杰，宋启峰，唐宇. 轮轨摩擦自激振动导致曲线啸叫研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2024, 43(14): 73-79

FENG Xiaohang，CHEN Guangxiong，DONG Bingjie，SONG Qifeng，TANG Yu. Curve squeal caused by the wheel-rail friction induced self-excited vibration[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2024, 43(14): 73-79

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