三峡库区滑坡涌浪作用下桥墩波压特性研究

田野1, 王平义1, 王梅力1, 2, 喻涛1, 韩林峰1

振动与冲击 ›› 2024, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (18) : 12-20.

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振动与冲击 ›› 2024, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (18) : 12-20.
论文

三峡库区滑坡涌浪作用下桥墩波压特性研究

  • 田野1,王平义1,王梅力1,2,喻涛1,韩林峰1
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Wave pressure characteristics of bridge piers under landslide-generated surges in the Three Gorges Reservoir

  • TIAN Ye1,WANG Pingyi1,WANG Meili1,2,YU Tao1,HAN Linfeng1
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摘要

由于三峡库区的非开敞性,滑坡引起的涌浪衰减较慢,传播过程中可能对沿程桥墩产生巨大破坏。以涪陵长江二桥为依托,构建了比例尺为1:70的库区河道水槽,试验模拟了滑坡涌浪对桥墩的作用。结果表明:(1)桥墩上涌浪波压分为共振波压(P_re)和脉动波压(P_pu),共振波压为涌浪冲击桥墩瞬间桥墩共振产生的高频振动波,频率为300.0 Hz~400.0 Hz;脉动波压为波浪作用过程产生的压力,频率为0.2 Hz~0.5 Hz;(2)脉动波压在对岸桥墩上沿水深的分布近似为垂直分布,在同岸桥墩沿水深锯齿状减小,最大脉动波压分布在水面附近;(3)共振波压沿水深分为单峰值、多峰值和无峰值三种,10万方以上大方量滑坡产生的共振波压为单峰值和多峰值分布,单峰值的峰值波压是水面波压的5.0倍,多峰值的峰值波压为水面波压的2.5倍~4倍,10万方以下滑坡产生的共振波压呈现无峰值分布;沿水深呈先增大后减小的“侧V”形。(4)P_re⁄P_pu  最大位置在距水面三分之一水深位置,第二大位置在距水面五分之一水深位置;本文提出了桥墩迎波面涌浪压力荷载计算模型,并针对三峡库区不同运行水位给出了相应水位条件下最大涌浪波压的计算公式。

Abstract

Due to the non-openness of the Three Gorges Reservoir area, waves generated by landslide decay slowly, potentially causing significant damage to bridge piers. This study constructed a reservoir channel flume at a scale of 1:70 to simulate the impact of landslide-generated waves on bridge piers. The results indicate: (1) Wave pressure on bridge pier was divided into resonance wave pressure (P_re) and pulsating wave pressure (P_pu). P_re  with frequencies ranging from 300.0 Hz~400.0 Hz. P_pu with frequencies between 0.2 Hz~0.5 Hz. (2) P_pu can be considered as vertically distributed on the opposite bank, while it decreases in a saw-tooth pattern on the same bank, with the maximum pulsating wave pressure distributed near the water surface. (3) The resonance wave pressure was categorized into single peak, multiple peaks, and no peak types. P_re generated by landslide of more than 100,000 m3 was distributed as single peak and multiple peaks. P_pu with a volume less than 100,000 m3 shows no peak, it formed a “side V” shape. (4) The maximum position of P_re⁄P_pu  was at one-third the depth from the water surface, and the second largest position was at one-fifth the depth. A calculation model for wave pressure load on the wave-facing side of bridge piers was proposed, and formulas for calculating P_max under different operating water levels in the Three Gorges Reservoir area were provided.

关键词

滑坡涌浪 / 物理试验 / 脉动波压 / 荷载分布 / 荷载计算 / 桥梁安全

Key words

Landslide-Generated Surges / Physical test / Pulsating Wave Pressure / Load Distribution / Load Calculation / Bridge Safety

引用本文

导出引用
田野1, 王平义1, 王梅力1, 2, 喻涛1, 韩林峰1. 三峡库区滑坡涌浪作用下桥墩波压特性研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2024, 43(18): 12-20
TIAN Ye1, WANG Pingyi1, WANG Meili1, 2, YU Tao1, HAN Linfeng1. Wave pressure characteristics of bridge piers under landslide-generated surges in the Three Gorges Reservoir[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2024, 43(18): 12-20

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