正面碰撞下后排孕妇乘员损伤防护研究

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振动与冲击 ›› 2024, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (18) : 248-257.

论文

正面碰撞下后排孕妇乘员损伤防护研究

王平1，唐友名1, 2，张义1，宋兵华3，方轶飞3，张海洋4，毛安莉1, 2

作者信息 +

Injury protection of rear seat pregnant occupants under frontal impact

WANG Ping1, TANG Youming1, 2, ZHANG Yi1, SONG Binghua3, FANG Yifei3, ZHANG Haiyang4, MAO Anli1, 2

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

为探讨孕妇乘员运输安全下的损伤风险，论文对比研究了常规安全带（三点式）和孕妇专用安全带（组合式）约束系统的防护效果。首先，建立并验证了正面全宽碰撞下后排女性乘员约束系统模型；其次，建立妊娠30周子宫有限元模型，并耦合Hybrid III 5th女性多面体人体模型构建孕妇模型。最后，基于孕妇乘员及胎儿损伤机理，提出了一种用于评价孕妇及胎儿损伤的综合伤害指标WICp（weighted injury criterion of pregnant），研究了不同冲击载荷下孕妇乘员佩戴组合式安全带和三点式安全带的防护效果。研究结果表明：与三点式安全带相比，孕妇乘员佩戴组合式安全带可使孕妇乘员腹部压缩量平均降低38%，子宫壁与胎盘交界面(uterus placental interface, UPI)应变平均降低18.3%，孕妇及胎儿综合伤害平均降低13.4%。当碰撞速度不超过55km/h时，可使子宫胎盘交界面UPI应变值不超过极限值60%，从而降低了孕妇胎盘早剥风险。研究成果为孕妇乘员及胎儿开发出更安全更可靠更舒适的孕妇专用安全带提供了科学理论依据和参考价值。

Abstract

To explore the injury risk of the pregnant occupant during transportation safety, the protective effect of restraint systems of the three-point safety belt and the combined safety belt was investigated in this paper. Firstly, a restraint system model of the rear female occupant in the frontal full-width collision was established and validated. Secondly, the finite element model of the uterus at 30 weeks of pregnancy was established and coupled with Hybrid III 5th female facet human model to build a pregnant occupant model. Finally, according to the injury mechanism of the pregnant occupant and fetus, a comprehensive injury index WICp (Weighted Injury Criterion of pregnant) was proposed to assess the injury of the pregnant occupant and fetus. The protective effect of the combined safety belt and the three-point safety belt worn by the pregnant occupant under different impact loads was researched. The results revealed that compared with the three-point safety belt, the combined safety belt worn by the pregnant occupant could reduce the abdominal compression value by 38% on average, decrease the Uterus Placental Interface (UPI) strain at the uteroplacental intersection by averagely 18.3%, and make the average reduction of the comprehensive injury by 13.4%. When the impact speed is less than 55km/h, the UPI strain value of the uteroplacental interface will not exceed the limit value of 60%, as a result, the risk of placental abruption for the pregnant occupant is reduced, and the protective effect during transportation safety for the pregnant and fetus is enhanced. The research results provide scientific theoretical basis and reference value for pregnant occupants and fetuses to develop more safer, reliable and comfortable seat belts.

导出引用

王平1, 唐友名1, 2, 张义1, 宋兵华3, 方轶飞3, 张海洋4, 毛安莉1, 2. 正面碰撞下后排孕妇乘员损伤防护研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2024, 43(18): 248-257

WANG Ping1, TANG Youming1, 2, ZHANG Yi1, SONG Binghua3, FANG Yifei3, ZHANG Haiyang4, MAO Anli1, 2. Injury protection of rear seat pregnant occupants under frontal impact[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2024, 43(18): 248-257

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