直线电机式主动悬架结构优化与控制仿真研究

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振动与冲击 ›› 2024, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (20) : 305-317.

论文

直线电机式主动悬架结构优化与控制仿真研究

韦伟，李保佐，于松建

作者信息 +

Research on structure optimization and control simulation of linear motor active suspension

WEI Wei, LI Baozuo, YU Songjian

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

为了弥补汽车被动悬架没有主动控制力的缺陷，设计了一种基于传统被动悬架结构的直线电机式主动悬架。在被动悬架中加入直线电机，可以增加主动悬架的阻尼力，降低汽车的振动。首先，对直线电机的结构进行设计，其次，运用Ansys/Maxwell磁场分析软件和控制变量法，优化直线电机各部分结构尺寸参数，结果表明：直线电机电磁推力的波动降低了83%，同时稳态推力提升了10%。最后，在Matlab/Simulink中搭建直线电机式主动悬架的仿真模型，使用模糊PID对直线电机式主动悬架系统进行控制，分别在时域和频域进行分析，结果表明：相较于被动悬架，直线电机式主动悬架的车身加速度、悬架动挠度、轮胎动载荷都得到了有效抑制，车身加速度功率谱密度也有了大幅度的降低，有效地提高了车辆平顺性和操纵稳定性。

Abstract

In order to compensate for the lack of active control force in the passive suspension of automobiles, a linear motor type active suspension based on the traditional passive suspension structure was designed. Adding linear motors to the passive suspension can increase the damping force of the active suspension and reduce the vibration of the vehicle. Firstly, the structure of the linear motor was designed. Secondly, Ansys/Maxwell magnetic field analysis software and control variable method were used to optimize the structural dimension parameters of each part of the linear motor. The results showed that the fluctuation of electromagnetic thrust of the linear motor was reduced by 83%, while the steady thrust was increased by 10%. Finally, the simulation model of linear motor active suspension is built in Matlab/Simulink, and fuzzy PID is used to control the linear motor active suspension system. The analysis is carried out in time domain and frequency domain respectively. The results show that: Compared with the passive suspension, the body acceleration, suspension dynamic deflection and tire dynamic load of the linear motor active suspension are effectively inhibited, and the power spectral density of the body acceleration is also greatly reduced, which effectively improves the ride comfort and handling stability of the vehicle.

导出引用

韦伟, 李保佐, 于松建. 直线电机式主动悬架结构优化与控制仿真研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2024, 43(20): 305-317

WEI Wei, LI Baozuo, YU Songjian. Research on structure optimization and control simulation of linear motor active suspension[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2024, 43(20): 305-317

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