北京时间2024年01月01日15时10分（当地时间16时10分）左右，日本石川县能登半岛（Noto peninsula）附近发生了Mw7.5（或Mj7.6）级地震，造成人员伤亡和财产损失。通过选择的411组强震记录数据，研究了地震动峰值加速度与加速度反应谱峰值随震中距的衰减特征、加速度记录竖向与水平分量的幅值比、强震持时特征以及与周期相关的特性等，并探讨了典型强震记录的时频特性。结果表明：此次地震震中附近地震动记录峰值较大，且强震范围沿半岛西侧东北-西南向分布较广，影响范围较大。但地震动强度在震中距大于30 km以后基本呈直线下降，衰减速度较快。此次统计的地震动所有记录中明显表现出长持时特征，最短的 持时也有13.38 s，且随着震中距的增加，持时也相对在增加，且在震中附近的台站时程记录中发现“双峰”现象，造成的该现象的原因可能与地层断裂是双向且断层面较长有关。另外，地震动记录中的低频含量相对较为丰富，特别是当震中距大于100 km以后，长周期特征较为明显，这与软土场地土条件以及震群的特点有关。揭示的特征可为工程结构的抗震设防提供参考。
Abstract
On January 1, 2024, at around 15:10 Beijing time (16:10 local time), a magnitude Mw7.5 (or Mj7.6) earthquake occurred near the Noto Peninsula in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan. The earthquake resulted in loss of life and property damage. The study examines characteristics such as the attenuation characteristics of Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) and acceleration response spectrum peak with respect to epicentral distance, the amplitude ratio of vertical and horizontal components of acceleration records, strong ground motion duration characteristics, and period-related properties using a selected set of 411 strong motion records. The results indicate that the peak ground motion recorded near the epicenter was relatively high, and the strong earthquake was distributed widely along the northeast-southwest direction on the western side of the Noto Peninsula, resulting in a large affected area. However, the intensity of ground motion rapidly decreased in a linear fashion with increasing epicentral distance, indicating a fast attenuation rate. The analyzed strong ground motion records showed significant long-duration characteristics, with the shortest duration being 13.38 seconds. Additionally, as the epicentral distance increased, the duration also tended to increase. Moreover, the “bimodal values” phenomenon was observed in the temporal records near the epicenter, which may be attributed to the presence of bi-directional fault rupture with longer fault planes. Furthermore, the strong ground motion records exhibited a relatively abundant low-frequency content, especially when the epicentral distance exceeded 100 km, indicating pronounced long-period characteristics. It can be attributed to the soil conditions of soft ground sites and the characteristics of earthquake clusters. The identified features can contribute to seismic design considerations for engineering structures.
关键词
能登半岛地震 /
强震记录 /
周期特性 /
时频特性
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Key words
Noto Peninsula Earthquake /
strong earthquake records /
period characteristics /
time-frequency characteristics
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