多带隙机理融合声学超材料及其低频宽带抑振特性

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振动与冲击 ›› 2024, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (23) : 250-259.

论文

多带隙机理融合声学超材料及其低频宽带抑振特性

孙萍，徐思齐，王晓乐

作者信息 +

Acoustic metamaterials with multi-bandgap mechanism fusion and their low-frequency broadband vibration suppression characteristics#br#

SUN Ping, XU Siqi, WANG Xiaole

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

紧凑轻量的低频宽带隙声学超材料在弹性波控制领域具有广阔的应用前景。本文提出了一种结构功能复用的声学超材料基本构型，能够融合布拉格散射带隙、局域共振带隙和惯性放大带隙，具备丰富的带隙调控自由度。建立了无限大尺寸声学超材料板的能带计算有限元模型，结合算例对其带隙特性进行了预报。制备了声学超材料样件并附加于有限尺寸的平直铝板，采用冲击力锤法获取了振动传递函数，验证了带隙计算结果的准确性并衡量了低频宽带抑振效应。试验结果表明，所提出的声学超材料能够在100~1000 Hz的宽频范围内平均衰减平直铝板的结构振动达21 dB，近场声辐射达6 dB。并且，对于大曲率的铝板结构，所提出的声学超材料不仅安装方便，而且同样能够有效体现低频宽带抑振效果。此外，通过参数分析揭示了基座局域共振机构的悬臂刚度和末端质量以及惯性放大机构的附加质量和惯性放大角对带隙特性的影响规律。本研究旨在为低频宽带隙声学超材料的发展提供思路和方法。

Abstract

Compact and lightweight acoustic metamaterials designed for achieving low-frequency and wide bandgap characteristics hold extensive application prospects in manipulation of elastic waves. Herein, a multi-bandgap integration acoustic metamaterial is proposed, capable of integrating Bragg-scattering bandgaps, local-resonance bandgaps, and inertial-amplification bandgaps, having rich degrees of freedom in bandgap regulation. Based on the established finite element simulation model, the bandgap characteristics and formation mechanism of the proposed acoustic metamaterial are theoretically calculated and analyzed. The frequency response functions of a finite-sized plate attached with acoustic metamaterial were measured to verify the predicted bandgap characteristics and to quantify the low-frequency broadband vibration suppression effect. It shows that the proposed acoustic metamaterial can achieve an average reduction of 21 dB in structural vibrations and 6 dB in near-field sound radiation within a wide frequency range of 100 Hz to 1000 Hz. Additionally, for the curved host plate, the proposed acoustic metamaterial also demonstrates the effectively low-frequency broadband vibration suppression effect in experiments. Finally, the influence of structural parameters on the bandgap characteristics is investigated. This study aims to provide ideas and methods for the study of acoustic metamaterials with low-frequency and wide bandgap characteristics.

导出引用

孙萍, 徐思齐, 王晓乐. 多带隙机理融合声学超材料及其低频宽带抑振特性[J]. 振动与冲击, 2024, 43(23): 250-259

SUN Ping, XU Siqi, WANG Xiaole. Acoustic metamaterials with multi-bandgap mechanism fusion and their low-frequency broadband vibration suppression characteristics#br#[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2024, 43(23): 250-259

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