为探究炮孔装药不耦合系数对爆破裂纹扩展规律的影响，通过在有机玻璃板（PMMA）上预制不同炮孔直径，采用数字激光动态焦散线实验系统，进行相关爆炸试验。结果表明：爆炸对于炮孔非割缝方向的损伤效果随着炮孔直径变大逐渐减弱。耦合装药时炮孔周围粉碎区最大，当炮孔直径为12mm及以上时炮孔周围几乎无粉碎区。从侧面说明直径为10mm时，在空气层中的冲击波还有一定的强度，可致裂周围板材。随着不耦合系数递增，爆炸冲击波对于炮孔壁的冲击作用减弱，爆生气体膨胀压缩作用逐渐加强。在不耦合系数1.67时这种“削弱-加强”作用对裂纹扩展的促进作用最佳。分形维数的结果和动焦散实验结果相符，主裂纹的扩展长度符合先上升再下降的趋势。研究成果为实际工程中割缝爆破装药参数提供了一定的指导意义。
Abstract
Based on the digital laser dynamic caustics experimental system, this study investigates the effect of uncoupling coefficient on the propagation law of blasting cracks by changing the diameter of the central charge borehole. The results show that as the uncoupling coefficient increases, the impact of the explosion shock wave on the borehole wall weakens, and the expansion and compression effect of the explosive gas gradually strengthens. The damage effect of explosion on the non-slit direction of the blast hole gradually weakens as the diameter of the blast hole increases. When coupled charging, the crushing area around the blast hole is the largest, and there is almost no crushing area around the blast hole when the diameter of the blast hole is 12mm or more. From the side, it can be explained that when the diameter is 10mm, the shock wave in the air layer still has a certain strength, which can crack the surrounding plate. The results of fractal dimension are consistent with the results of dynamic caustics experiments, and the extension length of the main crack follows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. When the uncoupling coefficient is 1.67, this "weakening strengthening" effect has the best promoting effect on crack propagation. The research results provide certain guiding significance
for the charging parameters of slot blasting in practical engineering.
关键词
不耦合 /
割缝 /
动焦散 /
裂纹 /
动态强度因子 /
分形理论
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Key words
Uncoupling /
Cutting seams /
Dynamic Caustics /
Cracks /
Dynamic intensity factor /
Fractal theory
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