为深入理解极端波浪下海洋结构物的砰击载荷特性，基于波浪水池模型实验，研究聚焦波对倒圆角方形立柱的波浪砰击压力时空变化特性。采用小波分析、局部加权线性回归等方法从波浪载荷测量数据中提取砰击压力，分析波浪周期、波陡、聚焦位置和波浪入射角对砰击压力峰值及冲量分布规律的影响。结果表明：立柱波浪载荷在上部主要为峰值高、作用时间短的波浪砰击压力，静水面附近则为缓变的准静态波浪力；较大的波陡和周期显著增加了立柱的波浪砰击压力和冲量的空间分布范围，且立柱上部砰击载荷明显增大；考虑聚焦位置的影响，发现当波浪聚焦位置位于立柱后表面时的砰击载荷最大。

To deeply understand the impact load of offshore structures under extreme waves, this study investigates the temporal and spatial variation of wave impact load induced by focused waves on the rounded-square column based on model experiments. Wavelet analysis and locally weighted linear regression were utilized to extract the wave impact pressure from the wave load measurement data. Subsequently, the effects of wave period, wave steepness, focus position and wave incident angle on the distribution of the wave impact peak pressure and impulse were analyzed in detail. The results demonstrated that the upper part of the column experiences mainly short-duration, high-peak wave impact load, while near the still water level, it is mainly subjected to slowly changing quasi-static wave load. Additionally, increased wave steepness and period significantly enlarge the spatial range of wave impact pressure and impulse, and the impact load on the upper part of the column increases notably. It was found that the impact load is the largest when the focus position is set on the rear surface of the column.