在输电线路运行过程中，钢管塔杆件涡激振动是节点部位产生疲劳裂纹主要原因之一。为揭示钢管塔典型节点疲劳破坏机理，获取节点的S-N曲线，开展钢管塔两种典型节点的涡激振动疲劳试验。设计节段模型试件，并通过数值计算方法验证其等效性，设计加载装置与加载制度，开展针对C型节点与X型节点的疲劳试验。结果表明：钢管塔典型节点的疲劳热点位于结构连接焊缝的焊趾处，疲劳荷载多次作用之后，在疲劳热点处形成向两侧扩展的疲劳裂纹，当裂纹达到临界尺寸时，试件迅速断裂；根据第一外推点应变幅值变化曲线，可将节点疲劳破坏过程大致分为弹性阶段、塑性阶段与破坏阶段，应变幅值转折点对应的加载次数可以作为节点的疲劳寿命；得到了钢管塔C型与X型节点的95%存活率下的热点应力幅-疲劳寿命曲线，为特高压输电线路钢管塔工程设计提供参考。
Abstract
During the operation of transmission lines, the vortex-induced vibration of steel pipe tower is one of the main causes of fatigue cracks in joint parts. In order to reveal the fatigue failure mechanism of typical joints of steel tube tower, the S-N curves of the joints were obtained, and the fatigue tests of two typical joints of steel tube tower were carried out. The section model specimens were designed, and their equivalence was verified by numerical calculation. The loading device and loading system were designed, and fatigue tests were carried out for C-type nodes and X-type nodes. The results show that the fatigue hot spot of typical joints is located at the toe of the welded joint of the structure. After repeated action of fatigue load, fatigue cracks are formed at the fatigue hot spot, and when the cracks reach the critical size, the specimens break rapidly. According to the change curve of strain amplitude at the first extrapolation point, the fatigue failure process of the node can be roughly divided into elastic stage, plastic stage and failure stage, and the loading times corresponding to the turning point of strain amplitude can be used as the fatigue life of the node. The hot spot stress amplitude-fatigue life curves of C-type and X-type joints with 95% survival rate are obtained, which can provide reference for engineering design of UHV transmission lines.
关键词
钢管塔 /
节点 /
涡激振动 /
热点应力法 /
疲劳试验 /
S-N曲线
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Key words
Steel tube tower /
Joints /
Vortex-induced vibration /
Hot spot stress method /
Fatigue test /
The S-N curve
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