针对被动振动控制技术中大载荷设备的低频振动隔离难点,提出了带有附加质量单元体的液固混合介质隔振方案。基于双质量振子的单元体模型,建立了液固混合介质隔振装置的整体动态方程,推导出隔力和隔幅两种隔振情形下的传递率理论公式,计算出传递率曲线上的解析极值点。在给定隔振器参数下,比对考虑附加质量单元体与仅考虑弹性的一般性单元体对传递率特性的影响,结果表明:附加质量不影响隔振装置的静态承载能力,但会降低共振频率;更重要的,附加质量的存在使得传递率曲线出现了最小极值点,即最佳的隔振频率点,这大幅提升了对应频段的隔振性能;解析结果证实,有效面积比、单元体数量是调控隔振性能的重要参数。
Abstract
Aiming at the difficulty of vibration isolation for heavy machines with low-frequency, the vibration isolator of solid and liquid mixture (SALiM) companying with additional mass of solid element is proposed. Based on the dual-mass vibrator model of solid element, the dynamic equation of the SALiM vibration isolation system is established first. Then the theoretical expressions of isolation transmissibility are derived under both conditions of force excitation and base motion. As a result, the extreme value points on transmissibility curves are found. Further, the effects of the additional mass of solid element on transmissibility are investigated, and results show that the element’s additional mass does not affect the static load-bearing capacity of isolation device, but it reduces the resonance frequency, and thus such vibration isolator has the high static and low dynamic stiffness (HSLD) characteristics, which is a completely different mechanism to generate HSLD from the traditional nonlinear quasi-zero stiffness. More importantly, the minimum extreme point can be observed on transmissibility curve due to the existence of additional mass. Hence, the isolation effectiveness around the ‘anti-resonance’ frequency band has been improved greatly. Besides, the ratio of effective areas and solid element quantity are important parameters to dominate vibration isolation performance.
关键词
波纹管 /
隔振 /
局部共振 /
高静低动刚度特性
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Key words
Bellows /
Vibration isolation /
Anti-resonance /
High static and low dynamic stiffness
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脚注
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