黏滞阻尼器作为一种广泛使用的被动减振/震装置，其力学性能在全寿命周期内会发生演变。为探究其力学参数改变模式，揭示其性能演变机理，以油液泄漏和温度效应为主要影响因素开展了试验及仿真研究。首先，对不同漏油程度和环境温度下的黏滞阻尼器分别开展了滞回试验研究和黏温关系分析；其次，对黏滞阻尼器进行了流体动力学仿真，获得其性能演变规律；最后，建立了漏油与温度联合作用下黏滞阻尼器性能演变的力学模型，并对其进行了验证。研究结果表明，油液泄漏将导致滞回圈出现零力平台段，且平台长度与漏油比例成正比；温度升高会导致阻尼系数的减小，从而影响阻尼力峰值；所建立的性能演变模型能够较为精确地反映黏滞阻尼器力学性能的改变。
Abstract
As a widely used passive vibration control device, the fluid viscous damper exhibits mechanical performance alteration throughout the entire service life. To explore the mechanical parameter changing mode and reveal the mechanism of performance alteration, experimental and simulation studies were conducted with oil leakage and temperature effects as the main influencing factors. Firstly, cyclic tests and viscousity-temperature analysis were carried out on viscous dampers under different oil leakage levels and ambient temperatures, respectively. Secondly, fluid dynamics simulations were performed to obtain the alternating tendency of the hysteresis performance. Finally, an analytical model reflecting the performance alteration of viscous dampers under combined oil leakage and temperature effects was established and verified. The results show that oil leakage will cause a “zero-force gap” appearing in the hysteresis loop, of which the length is proportional to the leakage level. Temperature increase will lead to a decrease in the damping coefficient, which affects the peak damping force. The established performance alteration model can accurately reflect the changes in mechanical performance of viscous dampers.
关键词
黏滞阻尼器 /
油液泄漏 /
温度效应 /
性能演变模型 /
滞回试验 /
流体动力学仿真
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Key words
viscous damper /
oil leakage /
temperature effect /
performance alteration model /
cyclic test；fluid dynamics simulation
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