基于改进EMD的爆破振动信号降噪方法研究

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振动与冲击 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (1) : 212-220.

冲击与爆炸

基于改进EMD的爆破振动信号降噪方法研究

闫鹏1，张云鹏*1，2，周倩倩3，杨曦1

作者信息 +

A denoising method for blasting vibration signals based on improved EMD

YAN Peng1, ZHANG Yunpeng*1,2, ZHOU Qianqian3, YANG Xi1

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

针对EMD算法存在端点效应和降噪效果不佳的问题，依据延拓—分解—聚类—降噪—重构思想，提出了改进EMD的爆破振动信号降噪方法。该方法联合了综合相似指数同时兼顾延拓信号的形状和幅值相似性的特点、K-means算法的聚类特性以及小波包的降噪优势，不仅可以有效抑制端点效应，也具有良好的降噪效果。研究结果表明：在仿真信号端点效应抑制试验中，与多项式拟合和边界局部特征延拓方法相比，改进EMD方法的能量误差和均方误差最小。在实测爆破振动信号降噪中，与EMD和VMD方法相比，改进EMD方法的信噪比（20.94dB）最大，均方根误差（0.0031）最小。改进EMD方法不仅可以较好保存中低频（0-200Hz）信号能量，对200Hz以上高频噪声也具有良好滤除效果。

Abstract

Aiming at the problems of end effect and poor signal noise reduction effect in empirical mode decomposition (EMD), according to the idea of extension-decomposition-clustering-noise reduction-reconstruction, a blasting vibration signal noise reduction method based on improved EMD is proposed. The method combined the characteristics of the comprehensive similarity index while taking into account the shape and amplitude similarity of the extension signal. , the clustering property of K-means algorithm and the noise reduction advantage of wavelet packet. It could not only eliminate the end effect of EMD, but also had a good noise reduction effect. The results show that compared with polynomial fitting and boundary local characteristic extension methods, the improved EMD method has the lowest energy error and mean square error (MSE) in simulation signal end effect suppression test. In the noise reduction of the measured blasting vibration signal, the improved EMD method has the highest signal to noise ratio (20.94 dB) and the lowest root mean square error (0.0031) compared with EMD and variational modal decomposition (VMD) methods. The improved EMD has the best performance in preserving low and medium frequency vibration signals at 0−200 Hz, the best filtering effect on high frequency noise above 200 Hz.

导出引用

闫鹏1, 张云鹏1, 2, 周倩倩3, 杨曦1. 基于改进EMD的爆破振动信号降噪方法研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2025, 44(1): 212-220

YAN Peng1, ZHANG Yunpeng1, 2, ZHOU Qianqian3, YANG Xi1. A denoising method for blasting vibration signals based on improved EMD[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2025, 44(1): 212-220

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