层叠式多通道结构声学超材料宽带消声特性

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振动与冲击 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (1) : 305-314.

声学研究与应用

层叠式多通道结构声学超材料宽带消声特性

徐驰1,2，陈应航1,2，王超1,2，刘宁宁3，董晓日1,2，郭辉3，刘春景*1,2

作者信息 +

Laminated multi-channel structure acoustic metamaterial broadband muffling characteristics

XU Chi1,2, CHEN Yinghang1,2, WANG Chao1,2, LIU Ningning3, DONG Xiaori1,2, GUO Hui3, LIU Chunjing*1,2

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文章历史 +

摘要

将多通道结构逐层叠加构成一种声学超材料，采用理论分析、数值模拟和实验验证的方法研究了其消声特性和机理。为拓宽消声频带，运用遗传算法给出了腔体长度最佳组合方案并讨论了优化逻辑。结果表明，该结构可视为连接有多个旁支Helmholtz共鸣器的声波导管，其传递损失曲线上具有多个连续共振峰可实现宽频消声；适当调整腔体长宽、增加结构厚度、构建非均匀阵列可提高结构宽频消声性能；面向不同尺寸结构优化时，遗传算法始终通过尽可能多地创设具备更强消声能力的单体Helmholtz共鸣器，以获得最大消声带宽；实验结果验证了结构宽频消声有效性。上述结果可为局促空间下管道消声提供借鉴。

Abstract

An innovative acoustic metamaterial was developed by stacking multi-channel structures layer by layer. Theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and experiment were introduced to study the characteristic and generation mechanism of the sound attenuation. A genetic algorithm was utilized to find the optimal combination scheme of the chamber length to broaden the sound attenuation frequency band, and its underlying logic was discussed. Results show that the structure can be regarded as an acoustic waveguide attached multiple side-branched Helmholtz resonators, and its transmission loss curve has multiple continuous resonance peaks to achieve broadband sound attenuation. The broadband sound attenuation can be improved by adjusting the length and width of the chamber, increasing the thickness of the structure, and creating the non-uniform array. When optimizing the structure with different size parameters, the genetic algorithm consistently maximizes the sound attenuation bandwidth by creating as many Helmholtz resonators with stronger single-cell sound attenuation as possible. The broadband sound attenuation is verified by the experimental results. The obtained results can be used as a guide for reducing pipeline noise in narrow space.

导出引用

徐驰1, 2, 陈应航1, 2, 王超1, 2, 刘宁宁3, 董晓日1, 2, 郭辉3, 刘春景1, 2. 层叠式多通道结构声学超材料宽带消声特性[J]. 振动与冲击, 2025, 44(1): 305-314

XU Chi1, 2, CHEN Yinghang1, 2, WANG Chao1, 2, LIU Ningning3, DONG Xiaori1, 2, GUO Hui3, LIU Chunjing1, 2. Laminated multi-channel structure acoustic metamaterial broadband muffling characteristics[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2025, 44(1): 305-314

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