惩罚函数波束形成声源识别算法及应用研究

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振动与冲击 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (1) : 315-324.

声学研究与应用

惩罚函数波束形成声源识别算法及应用研究

赵慎1,2，李伟1，覃业梅*1,2，周开军1,2，李世玲1,2，石少锦1

作者信息 +

Penalty function beamforming sound source identification algorithm and its application

ZHAO Shen1,2, LI Wei1, QIN Yemei*1,2, ZHOU Kaijun1,2, LI Shiling1,2, SHI Shaojin1

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文章历史 +

摘要

在基于传声器阵列的噪声源识别应用中，函数波束形成算法存在空间分辨率的性能瓶颈，为此提出惩罚函数波束形成声源识别算法。以归一化后的函数波束形成输出作为惩罚矩阵，计算其与加权矩阵的Hadamard积，调节加权矩阵中的导向向量；利用调节后的导向向量与互谱指数函数，计算惩罚函数波束形成输出，以此更新惩罚矩阵并实施迭代运算。通过惩罚迭代，可使点扩散函数接近狄拉克函数，改善空间分辨率性能。仿真和实验结果表明，所提算法的波束主瓣窄、旁瓣低，可有效解决函数波束形成算法空间分辨率不理想的问题。在压缩气体泄漏声源识别应用中，算法有效抑制了噪声干扰、缩减主瓣，表明其具有较好的工程应用前景。

Abstract

In the application of noise source identification based on microphone array, the function beamforming (FB) algorithm has the performance bottleneck of spatial resolution, so a penalty function beamforming(P-FB) algorithm was proposed. The normalized FB output is used as the penalty matrix, and the Hadamard product of the normalized beamforming matrix is calculated to adjust the steering vector in the weighted matrix. The adjusted steering vector and the cross-spectral exponential function are used to calculate the output of P-FB, so as to update the penalty matrix and implement iterative operation. By penalizing iterations, the point spread function can be made close to the Dirac function, and the spatial resolution performance can be improved. Simulations and experimental results show that the proposed algorithm exhibits a narrow main lobe, low side lobes, effectively addressing the issue of suboptimal spatial resolution in FB algorithm. In the application of sound source identification of compressed gas leakage, the algorithm can effectively suppress noise interference, reduce the main lobe, indicating that it has a good engineering application prospect.

导出引用

赵慎1, 2, 李伟1, 覃业梅1, 2, 周开军1, 2, 李世玲1, 2, 石少锦1. 惩罚函数波束形成声源识别算法及应用研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2025, 44(1): 315-324

ZHAO Shen1, 2, LI Wei1, QIN Yemei1, 2, ZHOU Kaijun1, 2, LI Shiling1, 2, SHI Shaojin1. Penalty function beamforming sound source identification algorithm and its application[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2025, 44(1): 315-324

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