梁板式高桩码头水下爆炸试验及数值模拟研究

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振动与冲击 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (11) : 29-38.

冲击与爆炸

梁板式高桩码头水下爆炸试验及数值模拟研究

刘靖晗1，2，高屹*1，唐廷1，李凌锋1，董琪3，韦灼彬1，张裕1

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Underwater explosion tests and numerical simulation of beam-slab high pile wharf

LIU Jinghan1,2, GAO Yi*1, TANG Ting1, LI Lingfeng1, DONG Qi3, WEI Zhuobin1, ZHANG Yu1

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文章历史 +

摘要

为研究水下爆炸荷载作用下梁板式高桩码头的毁伤机理和破坏特性，进行了梁板式高桩码头模型水下爆炸试验，通过数值模拟分析了冲击波和气泡脉动对高桩码头的破坏过程和毁伤机理，为战时高桩码头毁伤评估和战损修复提供参考。研究表明：水下爆炸时冲击波瞬时作用和气泡膨胀的持续荷载是造成码头桩基破坏的主要原因，气泡膨胀产生的滞后流和水冢冲击是造成码头上部结构破坏的主要原因，桩基的中部和顶部、梁板连接区域为水下爆炸下梁板式高桩码头的易损部位。通过足尺码头数值模拟研究发现，炸药入水深度直接决定了高桩码头的破坏区域，随着炸深的增加，高桩码头的破坏区域由码头面板向水下桩基发展，桩基的最大水平挠度呈现先增大后减小的变化规律，水域中部爆炸时桩基水平挠度最大。近水面爆炸时高桩码头面板局部破坏形成破口，桩基水平挠度较水域中部降低了75.77%；近水底爆炸时，码头上部结构没有损伤，桩基底部局部毁伤，此时各桩基最大水平挠曲部位\分布最广，各桩基最大挠曲深度偏差为近水面爆炸的4.18倍，毁伤勘测和修复更加困难。

Abstract

In order to study the damage effect of beam-slab piled wharf subjected to underwater explosion, model experiment and numerical simulation were conducted to study the damage characteristic of beam-slab piled wharf subjected to underwater explosion. The damage process and mechanism of the beam-slab piled wharf were analyzed in terms of shock wave and bubble pulse, which provided guidance for the further research in damage assessment and emergency repair of high-piled wharf. Results show that shock waves load and bubble expansion are important damage factors for piles. After flow and spike induced by bubble pulse are important damage factors for wharf upper structure. The middle and top of the piles and the connection of beams and panel are the main damage areas of high-piled wharf subjected to underwater explosion. A full-scaled numerical simulation study shows that the explosive depth has great influence on the failure mode and damage area of beam-slab piled wharf. As the explosive depth increases, the maximum horizontal deflection of piles increases first and then decreases, and the damage area moves down and the piles directly to the explosive is most seriously damaged. The horizontal deflection is maximum subjected to explosion in the middle of water. When the explosive explodes near the water surface, the wharf panel has a crack. The horizontal deflection of the piles has decreased by 75.77% compared to the explosion in the middle of water. When the explosive explodes near the water bottom, the bottom of piles is damaged and the wharf panel is not damaged. The maximum horizontal deflection of the piles is most widely distributed. The maximum deflection depth deviation of 4.18 times that of near water surface explosions, making damage investigation and repair more difficult.

导出引用

刘靖晗1, 2, 高屹1, 唐廷1, 李凌锋1, 董琪3, 韦灼彬1, 张裕1. 梁板式高桩码头水下爆炸试验及数值模拟研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2025, 44(11): 29-38

LIU Jinghan1, 2, GAO Yi1, TANG Ting1, LI Lingfeng1, DONG Qi3, WEI Zhuobin1, ZHANG Yu1. Underwater explosion tests and numerical simulation of beam-slab high pile wharf[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2025, 44(11): 29-38

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