模块装药跌落损伤特性数值模拟研究

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振动与冲击 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (12) : 279-289.

冲击与爆炸

模块装药跌落损伤特性数值模拟研究

吴霜，余永刚*，常人九

作者信息 +

Numerical research on drop impact response characteristics of modular charge

WU Shuang,YU Yonggang*,CHANG Renjiu

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文章历史 +

摘要

为分析多种地面环境中模块装药跌落过程损伤特性，基于非线性有限元理论建立了模块装药动力学有限元模型。运用ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件，对模块装药的跌落冲击过程进行模拟。针对模块装药从2m高处底部向下垂直跌落、水平跌落和倾斜45°跌落3种跌落姿态，跌落地面分别为砂土、混凝土、Q235钢板三种状态，数值研究了不同跌落姿态和跌落地面对应力、应变和加速度的影响，分析了可燃药盒及颗粒的变形和损伤特性，并讨论跌落姿态和跌落地面因素的影响。结果表明：模块装药破裂风险的排序为：倾斜45°跌落、水平跌落和底部向下垂直跌落。地面硬度越大，应力、应变和加速度亦相应增大，且达到峰值的时间更短。三种跌落姿态条件下，火药颗粒相互碰撞，但不发生破裂，安全风险区域均位于可燃药盒底部，在倾斜45°跌落时，可燃药盒分别在混凝土地面和Q235钢板地面上发生破裂，损伤模式包括局部凹陷、基体开裂和剪切等。研究结果可为改进模块装药结构设计提供参考。

Abstract

To analyze the damage characteristics of module charge dropping in a variety of ground environment, a dynamic finite element model of the modular charge was established on the basis of nonlinear finite element theory. The drop impact process of the modular charge was simulated using ANSYS/LS-DYNA software. A numerical simulation was conducted to evaluate the impact of dropping postures and ground characteristics on the stress, strain, and acceleration responses of module charge. The stress, strain and acceleration data of the modular charge when it was dropped from a height of 2m onto three different types of ground: sand, concrete, and Q235 steel plate, with three dropping postures: bottom-downward vertical drop, horizontal drop, and a 45° inclined drop. The primary objective is to examine the deformation and damage characteristics of combustible cartridges, with a particular emphasis on the influence of drop posture and ground characteristic. The results show that the ranking of module charge rupture risk is: inclined 45° dropping, horizontal dropping, and bottom down vertical dropping. The harder the ground is, the greater the stress, strain, and overload will be, and the time to reach the peak value will be shorter. Under the three dropping posture conditions, the nitrocellulose collides with each other but do not break, and the safety risk area is located at the bottom of the combustible cartridge. The rupture occurred at a 45° inclined drop to both the concrete ground and the Q235 steel plate. The damage modes observed include localised denting, matrix cracking and shearing. These research findings can be utilized as a reference for the improvement of the structural design of module charges.

导出引用

吴霜, 余永刚, 常人九. 模块装药跌落损伤特性数值模拟研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2025, 44(12): 279-289

WU Shuang, YU Yonggang, CHANG Renjiu. Numerical research on drop impact response characteristics of modular charge[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2025, 44(12): 279-289

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