径向楔形挤压磁流变缓冲器冲击动力学行为

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振动与冲击 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (2) : 30-39.

冲击与爆炸

径向楔形挤压磁流变缓冲器冲击动力学行为

李祝强*1，付本元2，古毅3，廖昌荣4

作者信息 +

Impact behavior of a radial wedge-shaped squeezed magnetorheological energy absorber

LI Zhuqiang*1，FU Benyuan2，GU Yi3，LIAO Changrong4

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

多级径向结构可以延长有效阻尼流道长度，但同时也带来流动困难引起的阻塞问题，结合磁流变液在挤压作用下的增强效应，在不改变多级径向基本结构及磁流变阀外观尺寸的基础上，设计了一种磁流变液径向楔形挤压流动型磁流变阀。通过定义“楔形角”并采用微分思想将楔形阻尼通道分为若干微单元，建立微单元模型与“楔形角”的函数关系；基于HerschelBulkley (HB) 本构模型推导“楔形角”与楔形流道内压降的关系；考虑惯性效应和局部损耗，构建了HB-Minor Losses-Inertia (HBMI)一般力学模型；进一步分析了“楔形角”对楔形阻尼流道截面流速、压力梯度、局部损耗的影响；搭建落锤式冲击试验平台开展不同冲击速度和电流下的动力学行为试验研究。结果显示“楔形角”设定在Δδ=2 mm以内缓冲器具有良好的可控性，其动态范围达1.45，最大缓冲力高达236 kN。将试验结果与理论模型进行比较，发现HBMI模型能够准确预测径向楔形挤压磁流变缓冲器(magnetorheological energy absorber ，MREA) 冲击载荷下的动力学行为。

Abstract

In response to the problem of channel blockage caused by the extension of effective damping channels by multi-stage radial structures, combined with the strengthening effect characteristics of the magnetorheological fluid under compression, a radial wedge-shaped squeezed magnetorheological valve is designed without changing the basic structure and appearance dimensions. By defining the "wedge angle" and using differential thinking to divide the wedge damping channel into several microelements, a functional relationship between the microelement model and the "wedge angle" is established. And then the relationship between the "wedge angle" and the pressure drop inside wedge-shaped channels is derived based on the Herschel Bulkley (HB) constitutive model. Considering inertial effects and local losses, a general mechanical model of HB-Minor Losses-Inertia (HBMI) is constructed. Besides, the influence of "wedge angle" on the cross-sectional flow velocity, pressure gradient, and local loss of wedge-shaped channels is conducted. Further, a drop tower test system is build to conduct the dynamic behaviors of the wedge-shaped magnetorheological energy absorber (MREA) under different impact velocities and currents. Results show that the wedge-shaped MREA has good controllability when the "wedge angle" is set within Δδ=2 mm. Its dynamic range is 1.45，and the maximum buffer force is up to 236 kN．Comparing the test results with the theoretical model, it is found that the HBMI model can accurately predict the dynamic behavior of the radial wedge-shaped squeezed MREA under impact load.

导出引用

李祝强1, 付本元2, 古毅3, 廖昌荣4. 径向楔形挤压磁流变缓冲器冲击动力学行为[J]. 振动与冲击, 2025, 44(2): 30-39

LI Zhuqiang1, FU Benyuan2, GU Yi3, LIAO Changrong4. Impact behavior of a radial wedge-shaped squeezed magnetorheological energy absorber[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2025, 44(2): 30-39

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