针对舰船设备在海战时遭受敌方武器及自身火炮后坐力冲击造成的损伤累积问题，提出了隶属函数和Miner损伤累积理论相结合的冲击疲劳寿命预测方法。从外界冲击中提取冲击幅值和均值，根据GM(1, 1)模型预测冲击幅值的参数，并利用BP（back propagation）神经网络修正残差提高预测精度。利用疲劳模数与寿命的联系提出一种新的应力-寿命模型，并基于多项式变异理论确定模型中的参数。将舰船设备上的关键零件6061铝合金轴作为试验对象，并结合几种隶属函数预测试件的冲击疲劳寿命。结果表明：采用Γ分布隶属函数求得的冲击疲劳寿命预测值与试验值相比误差最小，且当Γ分布中的k值一定时，参数a1 的变化在初始阶段对预测值基本不产生影响，只有当a1 逐渐接近S0 时才会有微小的影响。说明提出的疲劳寿命预测方法是可靠的，为舰船设备关键零件的冲击损伤累积研究及寿命预测提供理论参考和数据基础。

Aiming at the problem of damage accumulation caused by the impact of enemy weapons and their own artillery recoil during naval battles, a method of impact fatigue life prediction combining membership functions and Miner damage accumulation theory is proposed. The impact amplitudes and means are extracted from external shocks, and the parameters of shock amplitudes are predicted according to GM(1, 1) model, and the residual errors are corrected by BP neural network to improve the prediction accuracy. A new stress-life model is proposed based on the relationship between fatigue modulus and life, and the parameters in the model are determined based on polynomial variation theory. Taking 6061 aluminum alloy shafts, the key parts of warship equipment, as the test object, and combining with several membership functions, the impact fatigue lives of the specimens are predicted. The results show that the errors of the predicted values of impact fatigue lives obtained by the membership function of Γ distribution are the smallest compared with the experimental values, and when the value of k in Γ distribution is constant, the change of parameter a1 almost has no influence on the predicted value in the initial stage, and only has a slight influence when a1 approaches S0 gradually. It shows that the proposed fatigue life prediction method is reliable, and provides theoretical reference and data basis for the impact damage accumulation research and life prediction of key parts of warship equipment.