轴承在服役过程中，受工作环境的影响，外部载荷存在不同形式的波动，影响了保持架的运动稳定性，进而降低了轴承的运转精度及寿命。本文综合考虑了滚动体与保持架间的粘滞阻尼效应、润滑油的流体动压作用，以及外圈与轴承座的振动耦合效应，建立了圆柱滚子轴承保持架三自由度的动力学分析模型。研究了载荷波动类型、载荷波动幅值以及载荷波动频率对保持架运动稳定性的影响。结果表明：矩形载荷波动下保持架质心轨迹最为紊乱，保持架质心速度偏差比最大；载荷波动频率、幅值越大，保持架质心轨迹越紊乱，保持架质心速度偏差比也越大。本文研究对于评估保持架断裂和磨损的内在机理、优化轴承运行精度、延长轴承寿命等具有重要研究意义。

Bearings in the service process, by the impact of the working environment, the external load there are different forms of fluctuations, affecting the stability of the movement of the cage, which in turn reduces the operating accuracy and life of the bearing. In this paper, the dynamic analysis model of cylindrical roller bearing cage with three degrees of freedom is established by comprehensively considering the viscous damping effect between the rolling body and cage, the hydrodynamic pressure effect of lubricating oil, and the vibration coupling effect between the outer ring and the bearing housing. The effects of the type of load fluctuation, the amplitude of load fluctuation and the frequency of load fluctuation on the motion stability of the cage are investigated. The results show that the centre of mass trajectory of cage is the most turbulent under rectangular load fluctuation, and the deviation ratio of the centre of mass velocity of cage is the largest; the larger the frequency and amplitude of load fluctuation are, the more turbulent is the trajectory of the centre of mass of cage, and the larger the deviation ratio of the centre of mass velocity of cage is. The research in this paper is of great significance for evaluating the intrinsic mechanism of cage fracture and wear, optimising the operating accuracy of bearings, and prolonging the life of bearings.