电磁轴承—转子系统的跳跃现象及机理分析

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振动与冲击 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (3) : 62-70.

振动理论与交叉研究

电磁轴承—转子系统的跳跃现象及机理分析

彭晓为1，张晓申*2,3，孙喆3，赵雷3，时振刚3

作者信息 +

Jump phenomenon and mechanism analysis of electromagnetic bearing-rotor system

PENG Xiaowei1, ZHANG Xiaoshen*2,3, SUN Zhe3, ZHAO Lei3, SHI Zhen’gang3

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文章历史 +

摘要

针对电磁轴承—转子系统过临界模态时的跳跃现象，应用多尺度法分析其行为特性，并基于能量平衡关系阐释其发生的物理机理，进而提出抑制跳跃现象的有效措施。研究结果表明：电磁力非线性导致的特定转速范围内的多解共存是跳跃现象的根源；多个平衡解分布在低于线性化模型模态频率的转速范围，导致系统在运行中表现出软弹簧特性；在不稳定平衡解附近，能量与振动幅度和相位之间构成正反馈关系，系统在扰动作用下，电磁力与不平衡激励将驱使系统进一步远离平衡解，这是系统发生跳跃现象的根本物理原因；基于机理的参数讨论，合理的转子偏心距与控制器比例增益、微分增益均对跳跃现象有抑制作用。

Abstract

Focusing on the jump phenomenon occurred when magnetic bearing-rotor system surpassed the critical modal state, multiple-scale method was utilized to analyze the behavioral characteristics. Based on energy balance relationship, the physical mechanism of jump phenomenon was revealed and effective inhibition measures were proposed. The results show that multiple solutions coexistence in a specific speed range caused by nonlinear electromagnetic force is the root cause of jump phenomenon. And multiple equilibrium solutions distributed in the speed range below the modal frequency of linearized model, causes soft spring characteristics during operation. Near the unstable equilibrium solution, there exists positive feedback relationship between energy and vibration amplitude/phase. Under the disturbance, electromagnetic force and unbalanced excitation drive the system further away from the equilibrium solution, which is the fundamental physical reason for jump phenomenon. Through parameter discussion, reasonable eccentricity of the rotor and proportional/differential gain of the controller can inhibit jump phenomenon.

导出引用

彭晓为1, 张晓申2, 3, 孙喆3, 赵雷3, 时振刚3. 电磁轴承—转子系统的跳跃现象及机理分析[J]. 振动与冲击, 2025, 44(3): 62-70

PENG Xiaowei1, ZHANG Xiaoshen2, 3, SUN Zhe3, ZHAO Lei3, SHI Zhen’gang3. Jump phenomenon and mechanism analysis of electromagnetic bearing-rotor system[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2025, 44(3): 62-70

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